Laboratory of Molecular Haematopoiesis and Stem Cell Biology, Department of Experimental and Clinical Medicine, University "Magna Græcia", 88100 Catanzaro, Italy.
Candiolo Cancer Institute, FPO-IRCCS, Department of Oncology, University of Torino, 10124 Candiolo, Italy.
Int J Mol Sci. 2022 Oct 30;23(21):13214. doi: 10.3390/ijms232113214.
Killian's (antrochoanal) polyp is a unilateral nasal polypoid lesion of the maxillary sinus especially affecting children and young adults with unilateral nasal obstruction, pus discharge, and headache. Although its etiology is unclear, chronic inflammation, autoreactivity, allergies, and viral infections are implicated in its formation and development, causing nasal tissue remodeling. In this context, we isolated and cultured mesenchymal stem cells from surgical biopsies of three patients with Killian nasal polyp (KNP-MSCs) while healthy nasal tissue (HNT-MSCs) was used as control. Our results demonstrated that KNP-MSCs exhibited reduced cell proliferation compared to HNT-MSCs, and migrated less than the control, showing a partial epithelial phenotype with low mRNA levels of I-CAM and a significant increase of E-cad. Subsequently, both MSCs were induced to osteoblastic or adipocyte differentiation for up to 20 days. KNP-MSCs underwent to differentiate into osteoblasts but exhibited reduced ALP activity and calcium deposits and low mRNA levels of osteogenesis-associated genes compared to osteogenic induced-HNT-MSCs. Conversely, KNP-MSCs and HNT-MSCs have shown the same adipogenic differentiation potential, with a similar lipid droplet amount, adipocyte gene expression, and triacylglycerols content. Taken together, these results first demonstrated the cellular and molecular characterization of MSCs derived from the Killian nasal polyp.
基利安（前正中）息肉是一种单侧鼻腔鼻窦息肉样病变，尤其影响单侧鼻塞、流脓涕和头痛的儿童和青年。虽然其病因尚不清楚，但慢性炎症、自身免疫、过敏和病毒感染被认为与其形成和发展有关，导致鼻组织重塑。在此背景下，我们从三位基利安鼻息肉患者的手术活检中分离和培养了间充质干细胞（KNP-MSCs），同时将健康鼻组织（HNT-MSCs）作为对照。我们的结果表明，与 HNT-MSCs 相比，KNP-MSCs 的细胞增殖减少，迁移能力降低，表现出部分上皮表型，I-CAM 的 mRNA 水平较低，E-cad 的表达显著增加。随后，我们将两种 MSC 分别诱导为成骨细胞或脂肪细胞分化，最长达 20 天。与诱导成骨的 HNT-MSCs 相比，KNP-MSCs 向成骨细胞分化，但 ALP 活性和钙沉积降低，骨形成相关基因的 mRNA 水平也较低。相反，KNP-MSCs 和 HNT-MSCs 表现出相同的脂肪细胞分化潜能，具有相似的脂滴数量、脂肪细胞基因表达和三酰甘油含量。总之，这些结果首次证明了源自基利安鼻息肉的 MSC 的细胞和分子特征。
