Department of Forensic Pathology, College of Forensic Medicine, Xi'an Jiaotong University, Xi'an 710061, China.
Int J Mol Sci. 2022 Nov 4;23(21):13489. doi: 10.3390/ijms232113489.
Trauma is one of the most common conditions in the biomedical field. It is important to identify it quickly and accurately. However, when evanescent trauma occurs, it presents a great challenge to professionals. There are few reports on the establishment of a rapid and accurate trauma identification and prediction model. In this study, Fourier transform infrared spectroscopy (FTIR) and microscopic spectroscopy (micro-IR) combined with chemometrics were used to establish prediction models for the rapid identification of muscle trauma in humans and rats. The results of the average spectrum, principal component analysis (PCA) and loading maps showed that the differences between the rat muscle trauma group and the rat control group were mainly related to biological macromolecules, such as proteins, nucleic acids and carbohydrates. The differences between the human muscle trauma group and the human control group were mainly related to proteins, polysaccharides, phospholipids and phosphates. Then, a partial least squares discriminant analysis (PLS-DA) was used to evaluate the classification ability of the training and test datasets. The classification accuracies were 99.10% and 93.69%, respectively. Moreover, a trauma classification and recognition model of human muscle tissue was constructed, and a good classification effect was obtained. The classification accuracies were 99.52% and 91.95%. In conclusion, spectroscopy and stoichiometry have the advantages of being rapid, accurate and objective and of having high resolution and a strong recognition ability, and they are emerging strategies for the identification of evanescent trauma. In addition, the combination of spectroscopy and stoichiometry has great potential in the application of medicine and criminal law under practical conditions.
创伤是生物医学领域最常见的病症之一。快速、准确地识别创伤非常重要。然而，当瞬间创伤发生时，这对专业人员来说是一个巨大的挑战。目前，关于建立快速、准确的创伤识别和预测模型的报道较少。本研究采用傅里叶变换红外光谱（FTIR）和微观光谱（micro-IR）结合化学计量学的方法，建立了用于快速识别人类和大鼠肌肉创伤的预测模型。平均光谱、主成分分析（PCA）和加载图的结果表明，大鼠肌肉创伤组与大鼠对照组之间的差异主要与生物大分子有关，如蛋白质、核酸和碳水化合物。人类肌肉创伤组与人类对照组之间的差异主要与蛋白质、多糖、磷脂和磷酸盐有关。然后，采用偏最小二乘判别分析（PLS-DA）评估了训练集和测试集的分类能力。训练集和测试集的分类准确率分别为 99.10%和 93.69%。此外，构建了人类肌肉组织的创伤分类和识别模型，获得了良好的分类效果。训练集和测试集的分类准确率分别为 99.52%和 91.95%。总之，光谱学和化学计量学具有快速、准确、客观的优点，具有高分辨率和强大的识别能力，是识别瞬间创伤的新兴策略。此外，在实际条件下，光谱学和化学计量学的结合在医学和刑法中的应用具有巨大的潜力。
