Pesticides Department, Faculty of Agriculture, Menoufia University, Shebin El-Kom P.O. Box 32514, Egypt.
Department of Biology, College of Science, Imam Abdulrahman Bin Faisal University, P.O. Box 1982, Dammam 31441, Saudi Arabia.
Molecules. 2022 Nov 6;27(21):7607. doi: 10.3390/molecules27217607.
The whitefly, , is the main pest for many field and horticultural crops, causing main and significant problems. The efficiency of imidacloprid insecticide as seed treatment and foliar spray at three rates against the whitefly, , was evaluated in tomato plants under field conditions; in addition, insecticide residues were determined in tomato leaves and fruits. The obtained results revealed that the seedlings produced from treated seeds with imidacloprid were the most effective treatment in decreasing whitefly stages. Reduction percentages of whitefly stages in seedlings produced from treated seeds and sprayed with ½, ¾ and 1 field rates of imidacloprid were more than that produced from untreated seeds. Tomato fruit yield in seedlings produced from treated seeds and sprayed with one recommended rate of imidacloprid was more than that of untreated seeds. The residues of imidacloprid in leaves and fruits in seedlings produced from treated seeds and sprayed with field rate were more than that of untreated seeds; additionally, the residues were higher in leaves than in fruits. The residual level in fruits was less than the maximum residual level (MRL = 1 mg kg) of the Codex Alimentarius Commission. The half-life (t ½) was 6.99 and 6.48 days for leaves and fruits of seedlings produced from treated seeds and 5.59 and 4.59 days for untreated seeds. Residues in tomato fruits were less than the MRL, therefore, imidacloprid is considered an unconventional insecticide appropriate for control that could be safe for the environment.
烟粉虱 ，是许多大田作物和园艺作物的主要害虫，造成主要和重大问题。在田间条件下，评价了用 3 种不同剂量的吡虫啉杀虫剂作为种子处理和叶面喷雾防治烟粉虱的效果；此外，还测定了番茄叶片和果实中的杀虫剂残留量。结果表明，用吡虫啉处理过的种子培育的幼苗是防治烟粉虱最有效的方法。用处理过的种子培育的幼苗和用 ½、¾ 和 1 倍田间推荐剂量喷雾处理的烟粉虱若虫减少率均高于未处理的种子。用推荐剂量的吡虫啉处理过的种子培育的幼苗的番茄果实产量高于未处理的种子。用处理过的种子培育的幼苗和用田间推荐剂量喷雾处理的叶片和果实中的吡虫啉残留量均高于未处理的种子；此外，叶片中的残留量高于果实中的残留量。果实中的残留水平低于食品法典委员会的最大残留限量（MRL = 1mg/kg）。用处理过的种子培育的幼苗的叶片和果实中的半衰期（t ½）分别为 6.99 天和 6.48 天，而未处理种子的半衰期分别为 5.59 天和 4.59 天。番茄果实中的残留量低于 MRL，因此，吡虫啉被认为是一种非常规杀虫剂，适合防治，对环境可能是安全的。
