Cardiology Division, The First Affiliated Hospital of Soochow University, Suzhou 215006, China.
Department of Urology, The First Affiliated Hospital of Soochow University, Suzhou 215006, China.
Nutrients. 2022 Oct 22;14(21):4443. doi: 10.3390/nu14214443.
(1) Background: Carbohydrate combined with dietary fiber (DF) applied as a surrogate marker of overall carbohydrate quality is a more essential determinant of cardiometabolic health. However, to date, no studies have applied this metric to analyze its associations with poor blood pressure control in hypertensive patients. (2) Methods: A cross-sectional design was implemented in one tertiary hospital and one community hospital in China. Using Feihua Nutrition Software to analyze participants' two-day dietary log, the quantity of carbohydrate and fiber was obtained and the carbohydrate to fiber ratio (CFR) was calculated. The participants were divided into Q1, Q2, Q3, and Q4 groups by quartile method, from low to high according to CFR. The poor systolic and diastolic blood pressure (SBP and DBP) controls were defined as ≥140 mmHg and ≥90 mmHg, respectively. (3) Results: A convenience sample of 459 participants was included and the mean CFR was 29.6. Taking Q1 as reference, after adjusting for covariates, the CFR in Q4 was associated with higher poor SBP-controlled rate (OR, 4.374; 95% CI, 2.236-8.559). Taking Q2 as reference, after adjusting for covariates, the CFRs in Q3 and Q4 were associated with higher poor DBP-controlled rates [(OR = 1.964, 95% CI: 1.016-3.795) and (OR = 4.219, 95% CI: 2.132-8.637), respectively]. The CFR was the stronger protective determinant of SBP and DBP than DF or carbohydrate alone. (4) Conclusions: A higher CFR is a stronger risk factor for blood pressure (BP) control, and low CFR foods or a combination of corresponding food components, should be recommended in the dietary management of hypertensive patients.
（1）背景：碳水化合物与膳食纤维（DF）相结合作为整体碳水化合物质量的替代标志物，是影响心血管代谢健康的更重要决定因素。然而，迄今为止，尚无研究应用该指标分析其与高血压患者血压控制不良的关系。（2）方法：在中国的一家三级医院和一家社区医院进行了一项横断面设计。使用飞华营养软件分析参与者的两天饮食记录，获得碳水化合物和纤维的量，并计算碳水化合物与纤维的比值（CFR）。采用四分位法将参与者按 CFR 从低到高分为 Q1、Q2、Q3 和 Q4 组。收缩压和舒张压（SBP 和 DBP）控制不良定义为≥140mmHg 和≥90mmHg。（3）结果：共纳入 459 名方便样本，平均 CFR 为 29.6。以 Q1 为参照，在调整了混杂因素后，Q4 的 CFR 与更高的不良 SBP 控制率相关（OR，4.374；95%CI，2.236-8.559）。以 Q2 为参照，在调整了混杂因素后，Q3 和 Q4 的 CFR 与更高的不良 DBP 控制率相关[OR=1.964，95%CI：（1.016-3.795）]和（OR=4.219，95%CI：2.132-8.637）]。与 DF 或碳水化合物单独相比，CFR 是 SBP 和 DBP 更强的保护决定因素。（4）结论：较高的 CFR 是血压（BP）控制的更强危险因素，应在高血压患者的饮食管理中推荐低 CFR 食物或相应食物成分的组合。
