Casuso Antonio, Valenzuela-Muñoz Valentina, Gallardo-Escárate Cristian
Interdisciplinary Center for Aquaculture Research (INCAR), Universidad de Concepción, Concepción 4030000, Chile.
Laboratory of Biotechnology and Aquatic Genomics, Department of Oceanography, Universidad de Concepción, Concepción 4030000, Chile.
Vaccines (Basel). 2022 Nov 7;10(11):1875. doi: 10.3390/vaccines10111875.
Due to the reduced efficacy of delousing drugs used for sea lice control in salmon aquaculture, fish vaccines have emerged as one of the most sustainable strategies in animal health. Herein, the availability of and genomes increases the capability of identifying new candidate antigens for lice vaccines using RNA sequencing and computational tools. This study aimed to evaluate the effects of two recombinant antigens characterized as peritrophin and cathepsin proteins on the transcriptome profiling of Atlantic salmon during a sea lice infestation. Four experimental groups were used: Peritrophin, cathepsin, and peritrophin/cathepsin (P/C), and PBS as the control. female, head kidney, and skin tissue samples were sampled at 25 days post-infestation (dpi) for Illumina sequencing and RNA-seq analysis. Differential gene expression, gene ontology, and chromosomal expression analyses were performed. Furthermore, the dual RNA-seq analysis approach was performed to simultaneously explore host and pathogen transcriptomes, identifying functional associations for vaccine design. The morphometry of female sea lice exposed to immunized fish was also evaluated. The RNA-Seq analysis exhibited prototype-dependent transcriptome modulation, showing a conspicuous competition for metal ions during the infestation. Moreover, Dual RNA-seq analysis revealed vaccine-dependent gene patterns in both the host and the pathogen. Notably, significant morphometric differences between lice collected from immunized and control fish were observed, where cathepsin and P/C showed 57% efficacy. This study showed the potential of two proteins as lice vaccines for the salmon industry, suggesting novel molecular mechanisms between host-parasite interactions.
由于用于鲑鱼养殖中控制海虱的灭虱药物功效降低，鱼类疫苗已成为动物健康领域最具可持续性的策略之一。在此，[具体名称1]和[具体名称2]基因组的可得性提高了使用RNA测序和计算工具鉴定虱子疫苗新候选抗原的能力。本研究旨在评估两种被鉴定为围食膜蛋白和组织蛋白酶的重组抗原对大西洋鲑在海虱感染期间转录组图谱的影响。使用了四个实验组：围食膜蛋白组、组织蛋白酶组、围食膜蛋白/组织蛋白酶组（P/C），以及作为对照的PBS组。在感染后25天（dpi）采集雌性、头肾和皮肤组织样本用于Illumina测序和RNA-seq分析。进行了差异基因表达、基因本体和染色体表达分析。此外，采用双RNA-seq分析方法同时探索宿主和病原体转录组，确定疫苗设计的功能关联。还评估了暴露于免疫鱼的雌性海虱的形态学特征。RNA-Seq分析显示了原型依赖性转录组调节，表明在感染期间对金属离子存在明显竞争。此外，双RNA-seq分析揭示了宿主和病原体中与疫苗相关的基因模式。值得注意的是，观察到从免疫鱼和对照鱼采集的虱子之间存在显著的形态学差异，其中组织蛋白酶组和P/C组显示出57%的功效。本研究展示了这两种蛋白质作为鲑鱼产业虱子疫苗的潜力，提示了宿主 - 寄生虫相互作用之间的新分子机制。
