Instituto de Investigaciones Psicológicas, Universidad Veracruzana, Xalapa, Mexico.
Clínica de Adherencia a ARV y Polifarmacia, Clínica Especializada Condesa, Mexico City, Mexico.
AIDS Care. 2023 Jul;35(7):995-1000. doi: 10.1080/09540121.2022.2142929. Epub 2022 Nov 11.
Patients living with HIV who do not adhere to antiretroviral treatment (ART) have a high viral load, increasing the risk of developing AIDS, as well as new treatment-resistant strains. There are several psychological factors that must be studied to understand the reasons for non-adherence to ART. We studied whether the goals reported by patients with HIV, as well as their sense of meaning in life, influence ART adherence in a sample of adult patients attending HIV outpatient care in Mexico. Participants completed the Antiretroviral Treatment Adherence Assessment Questionnaire, the Dimensional Scale of Meaning in Life and were asked to write both short-term and long-term goals. The most frequent goals reported were those categorized as "personal development," followed by "being healthy." Participants with the highest adherence had more short-term "personal development" goals. Moreover, they showed the lowest levels of existential vacuum (lack of meaning in life). These variables predicted treatment adherence. We conclude that the design of programs to improve ART adherence should promote the establishment of personal development goals and offer tools that allow having a sense of meaning in life to reduce AIDS-related complications.
HIV 感染者如果不坚持抗逆转录病毒治疗 (ART)，病毒载量会很高，增加患艾滋病的风险，以及产生新的耐药菌株。有几个心理因素必须研究，以了解不坚持接受 ART 治疗的原因。我们研究了 HIV 患者报告的目标，以及他们的生活意义感，是否会影响墨西哥接受 HIV 门诊治疗的成年患者的 ART 依从性。参与者完成了抗逆转录病毒治疗依从性评估问卷、生活意义维度量表，并被要求写下短期和长期目标。报告的最常见目标是归类为“个人发展”的目标，其次是“保持健康”。依从性最高的参与者有更多的短期“个人发展”目标。此外，他们表现出最低水平的存在真空（生活缺乏意义）。这些变量预测了治疗的依从性。我们的结论是，为提高 ART 依从性而设计的方案应促进个人发展目标的建立，并提供工具，使人们能够感受到生活的意义，从而减少艾滋病相关并发症。
