Dietz C J, Sherrill W W, Ankomah S, Rennert L, Parisi M, Stancil M
Department of Public Health Sciences, Clemson University, 521 Edwards Hall, Clemson, SC 29634, USA.
Cooperative Extension Service, Clemson University, 103 Barre Hall, Clemson, SC 29634, USA.
Health Educ Res. 2023 Jan 20;38(1):1-12. doi: 10.1093/her/cyac034.
Diabetes is a chronic condition that has reached epidemic proportions in the United States, affecting nearly 34 million adults, and disproportionately affecting vulnerable populations, such as ethnic minorities, the elderly and individuals with low socioeconomic status. This study addresses the impact of the Health Extension for Diabetes (HED) program, a community-based diabetes self-management support program, on adult diabetes self-care behaviors. The Summary of Diabetes Self-Care Activities (SDSCA) was utilized to evaluate improvement in diabetes self-care behaviors. Descriptive statistics, univariate and multivariable regression models were conducted. Significant increases were observed among program participants (N = 149) in all five subscales of the SDSCA (general diet, specific diet, blood glucose testing, exercise and foot care; P-values < 0.001). A priority of this diabetes education program was helping underserved populations; over half (62%) of participants self-identified as Black/African Americans. After program participation, scores on all SDSCA subscales increased significantly among Black/African Americans (n = 93) by approximately 1 day per week. White/other races (n = 56) showed similar increases in four of the SDSCA subscales post-HED program participation. This study shows that increasing participation in community-based, diabetes self-management support programs, such as HED, can increase engagement in diabetes self-care behaviors among underserved groups.
糖尿病是一种在美国已达到流行程度的慢性疾病，影响着近3400万成年人，并且对弱势群体，如少数民族、老年人和社会经济地位较低的个体，造成了不成比例的影响。本研究探讨了糖尿病健康拓展（HED）项目（一个基于社区的糖尿病自我管理支持项目）对成人糖尿病自我护理行为的影响。采用糖尿病自我护理活动总结（SDSCA）来评估糖尿病自我护理行为的改善情况。进行了描述性统计、单变量和多变量回归模型分析。在SDSCA的所有五个子量表（一般饮食、特定饮食、血糖检测、运动和足部护理；P值<0.001）中，项目参与者（N = 149）均有显著提高。这个糖尿病教育项目的一个重点是帮助服务不足的人群；超过一半（62%）的参与者自我认定为黑人/非裔美国人。参与项目后，黑人/非裔美国人（n = 93）在所有SDSCA子量表上的得分每周显著提高约1天。白人/其他种族（n = 56）在参与HED项目后，SDSCA的四个子量表上也有类似的提高。这项研究表明，增加对基于社区的糖尿病自我管理支持项目（如HED）的参与，可以提高服务不足群体对糖尿病自我护理行为的参与度。
