Topaldemir Halim, Taş Beyhan, Yüksel Bayram, Ustaoğlu Fikret
Department of Molecular Biology and Genetics, Faculty of Arts and Science, Ordu University, Ordu, Türkiye.
Department of Property Protection and Security, Giresun University, Espiye, 28600, Giresun, Türkiye.
Environ Sci Pollut Res Int. 2023 Feb;30(10):26397-26416. doi: 10.1007/s11356-022-23937-2. Epub 2022 Nov 11.
Potentially hazardous elements (PHEs) are non-biodegradable and accumulate in places like water, soil, and plants where they endanger environmental health. There are a considerable number of wetlands having both national and worldwide importance in Türkiye. Regarding PHE accumulation, sediments and Ceratophyllum demersum were examined in the Miliç Wetland (MW), situated in a basin with intense hazelnut and rice farming, which is next to the international highway on the Central Black Sea Coast of Türkiye. The quantification of PHEs in the study subjects was undertaken using a validated inductively coupled plasma-mass spectrometry (ICP-MS) method, and mean concentrations (mg/kg) of PHEs in the sediments were in the order of Al (13,133) > Fe (10,790) > Mn (205.84) > Cu (17.95) > Cr (16.40) > Zn (15.55) > Ni (11.74) > Pb (9.17) > Co (6.30) > As (2.07) > Cd (0.19). The ecotoxicological risk was assessed using sediment quality guidelines (SQGs) and certain geological indices, indicating mostly low ecological risk, low pollution, and no hazardous risk. Based on the modified hazard quotient (mHQ) classification of values, Ni showed low contamination, while Cd, Pb, As, and Cu displayed very low contamination, and Zn presented minor contamination. The findings of total lifetime cancer risk (LCR), hazard quotient (HQ), and hazard index (HI) identified that exposure of adults or children to sediments containing PHEs would not represent a major health risk. As a recommendation, it is necessary to avoid the direct entrance of agricultural pesticides and fertilizers to enhance the sediment quality of the MW. Since the highway was constructed close to MW, this is considered a significant source of human-caused pollution. Consequently, all PHEs analyzed, except for Cd, displayed a bioconcentration factor (BCF) value of more than 1000, indicating that Ceratophyllum demersum is a promising plant for phytoremediation in PHE-polluted ecological systems involving wetlands, and it can efficiently be employed as an indicator species in biological screening investigations.
潜在有害元素（PHEs）不可生物降解，会在水、土壤和植物等地方累积，从而危害环境健康。在土耳其，有相当数量具有国家和全球重要性的湿地。关于PHEs的累积情况，对位于土耳其中黑海海岸国际公路旁、榛子和水稻种植密集的盆地中的米利奇湿地（MW）的沉积物和金鱼藻进行了研究。使用经过验证的电感耦合等离子体质谱法（ICP-MS）对研究对象中的PHEs进行定量分析，沉积物中PHEs的平均浓度（mg/kg）顺序为：铝（13,133）＞铁（10,790）＞锰（205.84）＞铜（17.95）＞铬（16.40）＞锌（15.55）＞镍（11.74）＞铅（9.17）＞钴（6.30）＞砷（2.07）＞镉（0.19）。使用沉积物质量指南（SQGs）和某些地质指数评估了生态毒理学风险，结果表明大多为低生态风险、低污染且无危险风险。根据修正后的危害商数（mHQ）值分类，镍显示为低污染，而镉、铅、砷和铜显示为极低污染，锌呈现轻微污染。总终生癌症风险（LCR）、危害商数（HQ）和危害指数（HI）的研究结果表明，成人或儿童接触含有PHEs的沉积物不会构成重大健康风险。作为一项建议，有必要避免农业农药和化肥直接进入，以提高MW的沉积物质量。由于高速公路建在MW附近，这被认为是人为污染的一个重要来源。因此，除镉外，所有分析的PHEs的生物富集系数（BCF）值均超过1000，这表明金鱼藻是受PHEs污染的涉及湿地的生态系统中植物修复的一种有前景的植物，并且它可以有效地用作生物筛选调查中的指示物种。
