Laboratory Institute of Animal Science, Ningxia Academy of Agricultural and Forestry Sciences, Yinchuan, China.
Academician (Expert) Workstation of Sichuan Province, The Affiliated Hospital of Southwest Medical University, Luzhou, China.
Vet Q. 2022 Dec;42(1):199-212. doi: 10.1080/01652176.2022.2145619.
The complex etiopathology of retained placenta (RP) and hazards associated with it has made it crucial for researchers and clinical veterinarians to study pathogenesis, early-warning diagnosis, and treatment. This study aimed to screen the potential prognostic markers of RP in dairy cows using plasma metabolomics coupled with clinical laboratory indicators. Blood samples were collected from 260 dairy cows at 21, 14, 7, and 0 days before parturition and 7, 14, and 21 days after parturition. Consequently, 10 healthy cows and 10 cows with RP with similar parity, body condition score, and age were included in the study. The changes in clinical laboratory indicators of the enrolled cows from 21 before parturition to 21 days after parturition were assessed. After initial overview of the multivariate statistical data using PCA analysis, the data were subjected to orthogonal partial least-squares discriminant analysis. Compared with cows with RP at 7 days before parturition, the levels of endothelin and 6-keto-prostaglandin F1α were increased in healthy cows, while the level of estradiol and progesterone decreased. Adenine dinucleotide phosphate, hypoxanthine, guanine dinucleotide phosphate, inosine monophosphate, and L-arginine were revealed as potential prognostic markers of cows with RP at 7 days before parturition involved in the regulation of taste transduction, purine and glutathione metabolism, and autophagy. The best period for the early-warning diagnosis of RP in dairy cows is 7 days before parturition, and purine metabolism and autophagy may play a vital role in the occurrence and development of RP in dairy cows.
胎衣不下（RP）的复杂病因病理学及其相关危害使得研究人员和临床兽医必须研究其发病机制、早期预警诊断和治疗方法。本研究旨在使用血浆代谢组学结合临床实验室指标筛选奶牛 RP 的潜在预后标志物。在分娩前 21、14、7 和 0 天以及分娩后 7、14 和 21 天采集了 260 头奶牛的血液样本。随后，选取了 10 头健康奶牛和 10 头胎衣不下奶牛（胎次、体况评分和年龄相似）参与研究。评估了所纳入奶牛从分娩前 21 天到分娩后 21 天的临床实验室指标变化。对多元统计数据进行 PCA 分析后，对数据进行正交偏最小二乘判别分析。与分娩前 7 天胎衣不下奶牛相比，健康奶牛的内皮素和 6-酮-前列腺素 F1α 水平升高，而雌二醇和孕酮水平降低。腺嘌呤二核苷酸磷酸、次黄嘌呤、鸟苷二核苷酸磷酸、肌苷单磷酸和 L-精氨酸被认为是分娩前 7 天胎衣不下奶牛的潜在预后标志物，参与味觉转导、嘌呤和谷胱甘肽代谢以及自噬的调节。奶牛 RP 早期预警诊断的最佳时期是分娩前 7 天，嘌呤代谢和自噬可能在奶牛 RP 的发生和发展中起重要作用。
