Department of Optometry and Vision Sciences, School of Health Sciences, The University of Melbourne, Melbourne, Australia.
National Vision Research Institute, Australian College of Optometry, Carlton, Australia.
Clin Exp Optom. 2023 Sep;106(7):711-725. doi: 10.1080/08164622.2022.2140032. Epub 2022 Nov 14.
Dementia comprises a group of brain disorders characterised by loss of cognitive function. Sensory loss, predominantly vision (the focus of this review) and hearing, is a significant problem for people living with dementia. Eyecare practitioners such as optometrists therefore play an important role in identifying and addressing vision-related care needs. To support provision of high quality "dementia-friendly" eyecare, this scoping review summarises recent primary research findings and available clinical practice guidelines, to identify research gaps relating to vision and dementia, and make recommendations for future research and clinical practice. The review set guidelines for the population, concept and context based on the review questions. Primary research papers (2016-2021) were included via 3-step search strategy: preliminary search to index terms, full search, search reference lists of included articles for further inclusions. Additionally, websites of eyecare professional bodies in English-speaking countries were searched to identify current clinical eyecare practice guidelines relating to dementia. Study characteristics (e.g. country, study design) were reported descriptively. Patterns within findings/recommendations from included sources were identified using thematic analysis and reported as themes. 1651 titles/abstracts and 161 full-text articles were screened for eligibility. Three clinical practice guidelines were also identified. The final review included 21 sources: 18 primary research papers and 3 clinical practice guidelines. The thematic analysis reported five key themes: . This scoping review demonstrated limited information about current practices of optometrists working with people living with dementia. Recent evidence reinforces the continuing need for improved eyecare for people living with dementia, taking into account their specific needs with an individualised approach. Up-to-date practical recommendations are synthesised for eyecare providers before, during and after a consultation with a person living with dementia, to better support their care.
痴呆症包括一组以认知功能丧失为特征的脑部疾病。感官丧失，主要是视力（本综述的重点）和听力，是痴呆症患者的一个重大问题。眼科保健从业者，如验光师，因此在识别和满足与视力相关的护理需求方面发挥着重要作用。为了支持提供高质量的“痴呆症友好型”眼科护理，本范围综述总结了最近的主要研究结果和现有的临床实践指南，以确定与视力和痴呆症相关的研究空白，并为未来的研究和临床实践提出建议。该综述根据审查问题为人群、概念和背景制定了指南。通过三步搜索策略纳入了 2016-2021 年的原始研究论文：初步搜索索引术语、全面搜索、搜索纳入文章的参考文献以进一步纳入。此外，还搜索了英语国家的眼科保健专业机构的网站，以确定与痴呆症相关的当前临床眼科保健实践指南。研究特征（如国家、研究设计）以描述性方式报告。通过主题分析识别纳入来源的发现/建议中的模式，并作为主题报告。筛选了 1651 个标题/摘要和 161 篇全文文章，以确定其是否符合资格。还确定了 3 个临床实践指南。最终综述纳入了 21 个来源：18 篇原始研究论文和 3 篇临床实践指南。主题分析报告了五个关键主题：1. 对眼科保健提供者的教育需求 2. 认知评估 3. 对视力损害的识别和管理 4. 沟通和协作 5. 研究和未来方向。本范围综述表明，关于与痴呆症患者合作的验光师的现行做法的信息有限。最近的证据强化了为痴呆症患者提供更好的眼部护理的持续需求，考虑到他们的具体需求，采用个性化方法。为与痴呆症患者进行咨询之前、期间和之后的眼科保健提供者综合了最新的实用建议，以更好地支持他们的护理。
