Department of Pediatrics, Division of Adolescent Medicine, Indiana University School of Medicine, 410 West 10th Street Room 1001, Indianapolis, IN, 46202, USA.
Department of Sociology, Indiana University Purdue University-Indianapolis, Indianapolis, IN, USA.
Arch Sex Behav. 2023 Feb;52(2):655-667. doi: 10.1007/s10508-022-02459-5. Epub 2022 Nov 14.
To understand how household context factors impacted self-reported changes in solo and sexual behaviors in U.S. adults during early stages of the COVID- 19 pandemic, we conducted an online, nationally representative, cross-sectional survey of U.S. adults (N = 1010; aged 18-94 years; 62% response rate) from April 10-20, 2020. We used weighted descriptive statistics with Wilcoxon rank sign tests to understand the population prevalence and significance of self-reported changes (five-point scale: much less to much more) in 10 solo and partnered sexual behaviors. Ordinal regression was used to assess the impact of household predictor variables-including number of children at home, number of adults in home, partnership status (unpartnered, partnered and not living together, partnered and living together) and employment status (not working, employed not as essential worker, employed as essential worker). All models were adjusted for gender, age, sexual orientation, race/ethnicity, and residence location (urban, suburban, rural).All solo and partnered sexual behaviors showed some amount of significant change-increased activity for some and decreased for others-for U.S. adults during the pandemic. Not living with a partner was broadly associated with decreased affectionate partnered sexual behaviors; unpartnered adults reported increased sexting. Individuals not employed reported increased oral sex and increased consumption of sexually explicit materials as compared to non-essential workers. Number of children at home and household size were not significantly linked to self-reported behavior change. Ongoing sexual health-focused research should continue to focus on understanding how adults manage opportunities and constraints to their sexual lives in the context of a still-going pandemic. While many aspects of social life look more "normal" (e.g., many people have returned to their in-person offices and children are largely back in school), new and more-infectious strains of COVID-19 have proven that the pandemic may still yet impact daily living. Lessons learned from COVID need to include sexual health planning both for any future strains of COVID, as well as for future public health emergencies.
为了了解美国家庭环境因素如何影响 COVID-19 大流行早期美国成年人的自我报告的独身和性行为变化，我们对美国成年人（N=1010；年龄 18-94 岁；响应率为 62%）进行了一项在线、全国代表性、横断面调查。我们使用加权描述性统计和 Wilcoxon 秩和检验来了解 10 种独身和伴侣性行为的自我报告变化（五分制：少得多到多得多）的人群流行率和意义。有序回归用于评估家庭预测变量（包括家中的孩子数量、家中的成人数量、伴侣关系状况（未婚、伴侣但不住在一起、伴侣但住在一起）和就业状况（不工作、非必要工作者就业、必要工作者就业）的影响。所有模型均根据性别、年龄、性取向、种族/民族和居住地点（城市、郊区、农村）进行了调整。在大流行期间，所有独身和伴侣性行为都显示出某种程度的显著变化——某些行为活动增加，而某些行为活动减少。与伴侣不住在一起通常与伴侣之间的亲昵性行为减少有关；未婚成年人报告说增加了发色情短信。与非必要工作者相比，不工作的人报告说增加了口交和性内容消费。家中孩子的数量和家庭规模与自我报告的行为变化没有显著关联。正在进行的以性健康为重点的研究应继续关注了解成年人在仍在继续的大流行背景下如何管理其性生活的机会和限制。虽然许多社会生活方面看起来更“正常”（例如，许多人已经回到他们的实体办公室，孩子也基本回到了学校），但新的、更具传染性的 COVID-19 毒株证明大流行仍可能影响日常生活。从 COVID 中吸取的经验教训不仅需要包括针对未来任何 COVID 毒株的性健康规划，还需要包括未来公共卫生紧急情况的性健康规划。
