UNIVERSITY OF PATRAS, PATRAS, GREECE.
PANTEION UNIVERSITY OF SOCIAL AND POLITICAL SCIENCES, ATHENS, GREECE.
Wiad Lek. 2022;75(9 pt 2):2181-2188. doi: 10.36740/WLek202209201.
The aim: To evaluate the relationship between adherence to the Mediterranean diet and health literacy and to find possible differences based on the demographic characteristics of the participants.
Materials and methods: A cross-sectional study was carried out with a convenience sample from the Greek general population (n=203). The questionnaires were distributed through the Google Forms platform, while some of them were given on hand. The questionnaire used included demographic information, questions about the participants' health status and nutrition habits and the Health Literacy Scale (HLS - EU-Q16) and the MedDietScore. The survey was conducted June - July 2022. The program SPSS v. 26.0 was used for the analysis of data.
Results: The mean score in HLS-EU-Q16 was 12.08 (SD=4.17) (15.8%=inadequate level, 30% =problematic level, 54.2%=sufficient level). The mean score in Med DietScore was 31.54 (SD=4.84) and the majority (72.4%) had medium adherence to the Mediterranean diet. Concerning the HLS-EU-Q16, women and those who had not children, were not patients and used the Internet for finding health information had higher score. In contrast, widows/ers and those with elementary education had lower score. With regard to the Med DietScore, those who were patients and had normal weight had higher score than the rest categories. A negative correlation was found between age-HLS-EU-Q16 (r=-.605, p<.01) and between BMI-Med DietScore (r=-.142, p<.05).
Conclusions: Most of the participants had sufficient level of health literacy and medium adherence to the Mediterranean diet. Furthermore, there was not a significant correlation between adherence to the Mediterranean diet and health literacy. Several demographic and medical characteristics impact the health literature level and the adherence to the Mediterranean diet. Future research is suggested to further evaluate the results of this study.
评估地中海饮食依从性与健康素养之间的关系，并根据参与者的人口统计学特征找到可能的差异。
本研究采用便利抽样法，从希腊普通人群中抽取了 203 名患者进行横断面研究。调查问卷通过 Google Forms 平台分发，部分问卷现场分发。问卷内容包括人口统计学信息、参与者的健康状况和营养习惯以及健康素养量表（HLS-EU-Q16）和地中海饮食评分。调查于 2022 年 6 月至 7 月进行。数据分析采用 SPSS 26.0 程序。
HLS-EU-Q16 的平均得分为 12.08（SD=4.17）（15.8%=不合格水平，30%=有问题水平，54.2%=合格水平）。MedDietScore 的平均得分为 31.54（SD=4.84），大多数人（72.4%）对地中海饮食的依从性处于中等水平。关于 HLS-EU-Q16，女性和没有孩子的人、非患者以及使用互联网查找健康信息的人得分较高。相比之下，丧偶者和具有小学教育程度的人得分较低。就 MedDietScore 而言，患者和体重正常的人得分高于其他类别。年龄与 HLS-EU-Q16 呈负相关（r=-.605，p<.01），BMI 与 MedDietScore 呈负相关（r=-.142，p<.05）。
大多数参与者的健康素养水平处于中等水平，对地中海饮食的依从性处于中等水平。此外，地中海饮食的依从性与健康素养之间没有显著相关性。几个人口统计学和医学特征影响健康文献水平和对地中海饮食的依从性。建议进一步研究以进一步评估本研究的结果。
