AlNouri Mason, Wada Kanichiro, Kumagai Gentaro, Asari Toru, Nitobe Yohshiro, Morishima Toshibumi, Uesato Ryoko, Aoki Megumi, Ishibashi Yasuyuki
Department of Orthopaedic Surgery, Graduate School of Medicine, Hirosaki University, 5 Zaifu-Cho, Hirosaki, Aomori, 036-8562, Japan.
Hamanasu Rehabilitation Center for Children with Disabilities, Hachinohe, Aomori, Japan.
Spine Deform. 2023 Mar;11(2):481-486. doi: 10.1007/s43390-022-00613-6. Epub 2022 Nov 16.
To determine the frequencies of various diseases associated with all types of early-onset scoliosis, both idiopathic and nonidiopathic.
Retrospective collection of patients within a 21-year interval. Children under 10 years old presenting with scoliosis were included. Medical records were used to collect: identifier, date of birth, sex, diagnosis, follow-up, curve pattern, comorbidities, initial and final cobb angle. Different patient variables were tabulated with associated comorbidities for comparison.
The cohort contained 469 patients, with 227(48.4%) males and 242(51.6%) females. Total comorbidities equaled 1051, where 190 were unique. Only 124(26.4%) patients had an isolated diagnosis of early-onset scoliosis, 79(16.8%) had a single comorbidity, and 266(56.7%) had multiple comorbidities. "Global developmental delay" was most commonly observed, 198(42.2%) times. The central nervous system was involved more often than other organ systems, seen in 394(54.4%) instances. Males had more comorbidities than females. Idiopathic patients had the least number of comorbidities, while neuromuscular patients had the most. Idiopathic types had more musculoskeletal conditions, while congenital types had more cardiovascular diseases. Curve sides did not affect distributions. Cases which progressed had more comorbidities, especially in the respiratory, digestive, and cardiovascular systems. Diseases that could affect either extremity or side, were more likely to be bilateral.
Early-onset scoliosis patients may present with complex comorbidities in multiple organ systems. The most commonly observed disease entities were: global developmental delay, developmental dysplasia of the hip, and epilepsy. Clinicians should be aware of the common associations, in order to screen for and begin appropriate investigations, referrals, and treatments in affected cases.
Level III.
确定与各类早发性脊柱侧弯（包括特发性和非特发性）相关的各种疾病的发生率。
回顾性收集21年间的患者。纳入10岁以下出现脊柱侧弯的儿童。利用病历收集：标识符、出生日期、性别、诊断、随访、曲线类型、合并症、初始和最终科布角。将不同的患者变量与相关合并症列表进行比较。
该队列包含469例患者，其中男性227例（48.4%），女性242例（51.6%）。合并症总数为1051例，其中190例为独特病例。只有124例（26.4%）患者被单独诊断为早发性脊柱侧弯，79例（16.8%）有单一合并症，266例（56.7%）有多种合并症。“全面发育迟缓”最为常见，出现198次（42.2%）。中枢神经系统受累比其他器官系统更频繁，共出现394例（54.4%）。男性的合并症比女性更多。特发性患者的合并症最少，而神经肌肉性患者的合并症最多。特发性类型的肌肉骨骼疾病更多，而先天性类型的心血管疾病更多。侧弯的侧别不影响分布。病情进展的病例合并症更多，尤其是在呼吸、消化和心血管系统。可能影响任一肢体或侧别的疾病更可能为双侧性。
早发性脊柱侧弯患者可能存在多个器官系统的复杂合并症。最常观察到的疾病实体为：全面发育迟缓、发育性髋关节发育不良和癫痫。临床医生应了解这些常见关联，以便在受影响的病例中进行筛查并开始适当的检查、转诊和治疗。
三级。
