Neal M T
Nurs Clin North Am. 1986 Sep;21(3):461-71.
Partial hospitalization programs provide alternatives to traditional inpatient hospitalization. The initial optimism generated by the development of partial hospital programs has been moderated by the realization that it is quite difficult to make changes in mental health care, even though the effectiveness of traditional approaches has not been demonstrated. Research findings about partial hospital programs have provided information that many persons formerly treated as inpatients can be treated in partial hospital programs, probably at an economic savings. Several conceptual models are briefly reviewed for providing direction and rationale to guide thinking, planning, and decision making regarding client care. Continual effort must be given to the development and expansion of useful models and sets of interventions for care directed not only at symptom reduction but toward facilitation of health induction. Partial hospitalization programs have the potential to provide the settings and services to meet this need. Changing times offer nurses new opportunities to consider alternatives for providing psychiatric care. It is a challenge which nurses are well prepared to accept. To ignore the current situation and the needs of clients, families, and communities for these services would be to lose an opportunity for nurses to share a significant role in providing services to psychiatric clients.
部分住院治疗项目为传统的住院治疗提供了替代方案。尽管传统方法的有效性尚未得到证实，但部分住院治疗项目发展初期所带来的乐观情绪，已因人们意识到改变精神卫生保健相当困难而有所缓和。关于部分住院治疗项目的研究结果表明，许多以前接受住院治疗的人可以在部分住院治疗项目中接受治疗，而且可能会节省费用。本文简要回顾了几种概念模型，为指导有关患者护理的思考、规划和决策提供方向和理论依据。必须持续努力开发和扩展有用的模型以及一系列干预措施，这些措施不仅要针对症状缓解，还要促进健康诱导。部分住院治疗项目有潜力提供满足这一需求的环境和服务。时代的变化为护士提供了新的机会来考虑提供精神科护理的替代方案。这是一项护士已做好充分准备去接受的挑战。忽视当前形势以及患者、家庭和社区对这些服务的需求，将使护士失去在为精神科患者提供服务中发挥重要作用的机会。
