Lan Yanfang, Li Yaonan, Yu Gang, Zhang Zhengyi, Irshad Irfan
School of Physical Education and International Equestrianism, Wuhan Business University, Wuhan, China.
Pathobiology Section, Institute of Continuing Education and Extension, University of Veterinary and Animal Sciences, Lahore, Pakistan.
Front Vet Sci. 2022 Oct 28;9:1047412. doi: 10.3389/fvets.2022.1047412. eCollection 2022.
Accumulating studies indicated that gut microbial changes played key roles in the progression of multiple diseases, which seriously threaten the host health. Gut microbial dysbiosis is closely associated with the development of diarrhea, but gut microbial composition and variability in diarrheic horses have not been well characterized. Here, we investigated gut fungal compositions and changes in healthy and diarrheic horses using amplicon sequencing. Results indicated that the alpha and beta diversities of gut fungal community in diarrheal horses changed significantly, accompanied by distinct changes in taxonomic compositions. The types of main fungal phyla (, and ) in healthy and diarrheal horses were same but different in relative abundances. However, the species and abundances of dominant fungal genera in diarrheal horses changed significantly compared with healthy horses. Results of Metastats analysis indicated that all differential fungal phyla (, and ) showed a decreasing trend during diarrhea. Moreover, a total of 175 differential fungal genera were identified for the gut fungal community between healthy and diarrheal horses, where 4 fungal genera increased significantly, 171 bacterial genera decreased dramatically during diarrhea. Among these decreased bacteria, 74 fungal genera even completely disappeared from the intestine. Moreover, this is the first comparative analysis of equine gut fungal community in different health states, which is beneficial to understand the important role of gut fungal community in equine health.
越来越多的研究表明，肠道微生物变化在多种疾病的进展中起关键作用，这严重威胁宿主健康。肠道微生物失调与腹泻的发生密切相关，但腹泻马匹的肠道微生物组成和变异性尚未得到很好的表征。在此，我们使用扩增子测序研究了健康马匹和腹泻马匹的肠道真菌组成及变化。结果表明，腹泻马匹肠道真菌群落的α和β多样性发生了显著变化，同时分类组成也有明显改变。健康马匹和腹泻马匹的主要真菌门类（、和）类型相同，但相对丰度不同。然而，与健康马匹相比，腹泻马匹中优势真菌属的种类和丰度发生了显著变化。Metastats分析结果表明，所有差异真菌门类（、和）在腹泻期间均呈下降趋势。此外，共鉴定出健康马匹和腹泻马匹肠道真菌群落之间的175个差异真菌属，其中4个真菌属显著增加，171个细菌属在腹泻期间显著减少。在这些减少的细菌中，74个真菌属甚至完全从肠道中消失。此外，这是首次对不同健康状态下的马属动物肠道真菌群落进行比较分析，有助于了解肠道真菌群落在马属动物健康中的重要作用。
