Deng Xiaofeng, Li Hua, Wu Aimin, He Jun, Mao Xiangbing, Dai Zhaolai, Tian Gang, Cai Jingyi, Tang Jiayong, Luo Yuheng
Key Laboratory for Animal Disease-Resistance Nutrition of Ministry of Education of China, Key Laboratory for Animal Disease-Resistance Nutrition and Feed of Ministry of Agriculture of China, Key Laboratory of Animal Disease-Resistant Nutrition of Sichuan Province, Engineering Research Center of Animal Disease-Resistance Nutrition Biotechnology of Ministry of Education of China, Animal Nutrition Institute, Sichuan Agricultural University, Chengdu 611130, China.
Animals (Basel). 2025 Mar 1;15(5):710. doi: 10.3390/ani15050710.
Intestinal fungi, collectively referred to as mycobiota, constitute a small (0.01-2%) but crucial component of the overall intestinal microbiota. While fungi are far less abundant than bacteria in the gut, the volume of an average fungal cell is roughly 100-fold greater than that of an average bacterial cell. They play a vital role in nutrient metabolism and maintaining intestinal health. The composition and spatial organization of mycobiota vary across different animal species and are influenced by a multitude of factors, including age, diet, and the host's physiological state. At present, quantitative research on the composition of mycobiota in monogastric animals remains scarce, and investigations into the mechanisms underlying their metabolic functions are also relatively restricted. This review delves into the distribution characteristics of mycobiota, including , , , in monogastric animals, the factors influencing their composition, and the consequent impacts on host metabolism and health. The objective is to offer insights for a deeper understanding of the nutritional significance of intestinal fungi in monogastric animals and to explore the mechanisms by which they affect host health in relation to inflammatory bowel disease (IBD), diarrhea, and obesity. Through a systematic evaluation of their functional contributions, this review shifts our perception of intestinal fungi from overlooked commensals to key components in gut ecosystem dynamics, emphasizing their potential in personalized metabolic control regulation and the enhancement of disease prevention and treatment strategies.
肠道真菌，统称为真菌群，是整个肠道微生物群的一个小组成部分（0.01%-2%），但至关重要。虽然肠道中真菌的数量远少于细菌，但平均一个真菌细胞的体积大约是一个平均细菌细胞的100倍。它们在营养物质代谢和维持肠道健康方面发挥着至关重要的作用。真菌群的组成和空间组织在不同动物物种中各不相同，并受到多种因素的影响，包括年龄、饮食和宿主的生理状态。目前，关于单胃动物真菌群组成的定量研究仍然很少，对其代谢功能潜在机制的研究也相对有限。本综述深入探讨了单胃动物中真菌群的分布特征，包括[此处原文缺失部分内容]，影响其组成的因素，以及对宿主代谢和健康的相应影响。目的是为更深入了解单胃动物肠道真菌的营养意义提供见解，并探讨它们在炎症性肠病（IBD）、腹泻和肥胖症方面影响宿主健康的机制。通过对其功能贡献的系统评估，本综述将我们对肠道真菌的认知从被忽视的共生体转变为肠道生态系统动态中的关键组成部分，强调它们在个性化代谢控制调节以及增强疾病预防和治疗策略方面的潜力。
