School of Management, Weifang Medical University, Weifang, China.
School of Public Health, Weifang Medical University, Weifang, China.
Front Public Health. 2022 Oct 26;10:1000953. doi: 10.3389/fpubh.2022.1000953. eCollection 2022.
As the Chinese population ages, unhealthfully high body mass index (BMI) levels in older adults are becoming a public health concern as an unhealthfully high BMI is an ill-being condition and can contribute to the risk of disease. Education and lifestyle choices affect BMI; however, the evidence on the relationships and interactions among these factors remains unclear. This study aimed to investigate the mediating effect of lifestyle choices on educational attainment and BMI among older adults in China. Using the Chinese Family Panel Studies (CFPS) 2018 panel data, this study integrated personal- and family-level economic data libraries, including 7,359 adults aged ≥60 years. Lifestyle parameters included smoking amount and screen time. Height and weight values were used to calculate BMI. The chi-square test, binary logistic regression analysis, stepwise regression analysis, and bootstrapping mediating effect tests were used for data analysis. Single-factor chi-square test revealed differences in BMI levels among groups defined by sex, age, residence, marital status, per capita annual household income, education years, and lifestyle choices. Binary logistic regression showed that age, residence, education years, smoking amount, and screen time influenced BMI. Stepwise regression results showed that education years, smoking amount, and screen time were associated with BMI ( = 3.907, -4.902, 7.491, < 0.001). The lifestyle variables had partial mediating effects on BMI. The mediating effect of lifestyle on BMI was 0.009, while smoking amount was 0.003, and screen time was 0.006. Unhealthfully high BMI levels are increasing among older adults in China and are affected by many factors. Lifestyle factors and educational attainment can interact, affecting BMI. Interventions should consider lifestyle factors and education attainment to help maintain healthy BMI and reduce unhealthfully high BMI incidence.
随着中国人口老龄化，老年人的身体质量指数（BMI）水平居高不下，成为一个公共卫生关注的问题，因为 BMI 过高是一种不健康的状况，会增加患病风险。教育和生活方式选择会影响 BMI，但这些因素之间的关系和相互作用的证据尚不清楚。本研究旨在探讨生活方式选择对中国老年人教育程度和 BMI 的中介作用。本研究使用中国家庭追踪调查（CFPS）2018 年的面板数据，整合了个人和家庭层面的经济数据库，包括 7359 名年龄≥60 岁的成年人。生活方式参数包括吸烟量和屏幕时间。身高和体重值用于计算 BMI。采用卡方检验、二项逻辑回归分析、逐步回归分析和 Bootstrap 中介效应检验进行数据分析。单因素卡方检验显示，按性别、年龄、居住地点、婚姻状况、人均年家庭收入、受教育年限和生活方式选择划分的 BMI 水平存在差异。二项逻辑回归显示，年龄、居住地点、受教育年限、吸烟量和屏幕时间影响 BMI。逐步回归结果显示，受教育年限、吸烟量和屏幕时间与 BMI 相关（ = 3.907，-4.902，7.491，<0.001）。生活方式变量对 BMI 有部分中介作用。生活方式对 BMI 的中介效应为 0.009，而吸烟量为 0.003，屏幕时间为 0.006。不健康的高 BMI 水平在中国老年人中呈上升趋势，受到多种因素的影响。生活方式因素和教育程度可以相互作用，影响 BMI。干预措施应考虑生活方式因素和教育程度，以帮助维持健康的 BMI 并降低不健康的高 BMI 发生率。
