Drijvers Linda, Holler Judith
Max Planck Institute for Psycholinguistics, Wundtlaan 1, 6525 XD, Nijmegen, the Netherlands.
Radboud University, Donders Institute for Brain, Cognition, and Behaviour, Montessorilaan 3, 6525 HR, Nijmegen, the Netherlands.
iScience. 2022 Oct 27;25(11):105413. doi: 10.1016/j.isci.2022.105413. eCollection 2022 Nov 18.
We here demonstrate that face-to-face spatial orientation induces a special 'social mode' for neurocognitive processing during conversation, even in the absence of visibility. Participants conversed face to face, face to face but visually occluded, and back to back to tease apart effects caused by seeing visual communicative signals and by spatial orientation. Using dual EEG, we found that (1) listeners' brains engaged more strongly while conversing face to face than back to back, irrespective of the visibility of communicative signals, (2) listeners attended to speech more strongly in a back-to-back compared to a face-to-face spatial orientation without visibility; visual signals further reduced the attention needed; (3) the brains of interlocutors were more in sync in a face-to-face compared to a back-to-back spatial orientation, even when they could not see each other; visual signals further enhanced this pattern. Communicating in face-to-face spatial orientation is thus sufficient to induce a special 'social mode' which fine-tunes the brain for neurocognitive processing in conversation.
我们在此证明，即使在不可见的情况下，面对面的空间方位在对话过程中也会为神经认知加工诱发一种特殊的“社交模式”。参与者进行了面对面交流、面对面但视觉被遮挡的交流以及背靠背交流，以区分视觉交流信号和空间方位所产生的影响。通过双脑电图，我们发现：（1）无论交流信号是否可见，倾听者在面对面交流时大脑的参与程度都比背靠背交流时更强；（2）在不可见的情况下，与面对面的空间方位相比，倾听者在背靠背交流时对言语的关注更强；视觉信号进一步减少了所需的注意力；（3）即使对话者彼此看不见，与背靠背的空间方位相比，他们在面对面的空间方位下大脑的同步性更高；视觉信号进一步增强了这种模式。因此，以面对面的空间方位进行交流足以诱发一种特殊的“社交模式”，这种模式会对大脑进行微调，以进行对话中的神经认知加工。
