Medical Sciences Université Libre de Bruxelles (Belgium); Public Health and Epidemiology, University of San Simón (Bolivia), Cochabamba, Bolivia.
Biomedical and Social Research Institute, Medicine Faculty, University of San Simón, Cochabamba, Bolivia.
BMC Prim Care. 2022 Nov 17;23(1):284. doi: 10.1186/s12875-022-01888-4.
Strongyloides stercoralis is widespread; however, there is limited information on its prevalence owing to laboratory underestimation and low clinical manifestations. The Baermann method and agar culture stand out among the parasitological techniques. Strongyloides stercoralis is present in Bolivia, but its prevalence in children remains unknown. The objective of this study was to estimate the applicability of simple parasitological techniques to increase the detection of this parasite in children living in the tropics.
This cross-sectional study was conducted in a tropical village in Cochabamba, Bolivia. Participants were 304 children aged 5 - 12 years who provided stool samples for different parasitological analyses (direct examination, Ritchie, Baermann, and Dancescu techniques), and their parents provided informed consent.
Up to 64.8% of pathogenic parasites were detected using the modified Ritchie method. The Baermann technique identified 17.8% of Strongyloides stercoralis cases, and a high sensitivity with respect to the Baermann technique was only for the Dancescu technique (75.9%) that is also specific for Strongyloides stercoralis, followed by 66.7% for the modified Ritchie technique, which is used in second-line care.
The Baermann technique is the best parasitological option for improving Strongyloides stercoralis diagnosis in the first-line care of the Primary Health Care System. A particular cycle of reinfection, combined with the environment and some other risk factors are related with persistence. Control is difficult without a proper diagnosis, and the Baermann technique is an approach to the solution. We conclude that with a high suspicion of the presence of Strongyloides stercoralis, the use of the Baermann technique is strongly recommended as support for direct examination in primary health care systems especially in tropical areas.
旋毛虫广泛存在；然而，由于实验室低估和临床表现较低，其流行率的信息有限。贝曼法和琼脂培养在寄生虫学技术中脱颖而出。旋毛虫存在于玻利维亚，但在儿童中的流行情况尚不清楚。本研究的目的是评估简单的寄生虫学技术的适用性，以增加对生活在热带地区的儿童中这种寄生虫的检测。
这是在玻利维亚科恰班巴的一个热带村庄进行的横断面研究。参与者为 304 名 5-12 岁的儿童，他们提供了粪便样本进行不同的寄生虫分析（直接检查、里奇、贝曼和丹斯库技术），其父母提供了知情同意。
使用改良里奇法检测到多达 64.8%的致病性寄生虫。贝曼技术鉴定出 17.8%的旋毛虫病例，与贝曼技术相比，丹斯库技术具有较高的敏感性（75.9%），该技术也专门针对旋毛虫，其次是改良里奇技术（66.7%），该技术用于二线护理。
贝曼技术是改善初级卫生保健系统一线护理中旋毛虫诊断的最佳寄生虫学选择。特殊的再感染周期，加上环境和其他一些风险因素，与持续性有关。如果没有适当的诊断，控制是困难的，贝曼技术是一种解决方法。我们得出的结论是，如果高度怀疑存在旋毛虫，强烈建议在初级卫生保健系统中使用贝曼技术作为直接检查的支持，特别是在热带地区。
