Allgemeine und Molekulare Botanik, Fakultät für Biologie und Biotechnologie, Ruhr-Universität Bochum, 44780, Bochum, Germany.
Appl Microbiol Biotechnol. 2022 Dec;106(24):8007-8020. doi: 10.1007/s00253-022-12272-8.
Antibiotics are antibacterial compounds that interfere with bacterial growth, without harming the infected eukaryotic host. Among the clinical agents, beta-lactams play a major role in treating infected humans and animals. However, the ever-increasing antibiotic resistance crisis is forcing the pharmaceutical industry to search for new antibacterial drugs to combat a range of current and potential multi-resistant bacterial pathogens. In this review, we provide an overview of the development, innovation, and current status of therapeutic applications for beta-lactams with a focus on semi-synthetic cephalosporins. Cephalosporin C (CPC), which is a natural secondary metabolite from the filamentous fungus Acremonium chrysogenum, plays a major and demanding role in both producing modern antibiotics and developing new ones. CPC serves as a core compound for producing semi-synthetic cephalosporins that can control infections with different resistance mechanisms. We therefore summarize our latest knowledge about the CPC biosynthetic pathway and its regulation in the fungal host. Finally, we describe how CPC serves as a key lead generation source for the in vitro and better, in vivo synthesis of 7-aminocephalosporanic acid (7-ACA), the major core compound for the pharmaceutical synthesis of current and future semi-synthetic cephalosporins. KEY POINTS: • Latest literature on cephalosporin generations • Biotechnical production of cephalosporins • In vivo production of 7-ACA.
抗生素是一类能够干扰细菌生长而对受感染的真核宿主无害的抗菌化合物。在临床药物中，β-内酰胺类药物在治疗感染的人类和动物方面发挥着重要作用。然而，不断加剧的抗生素耐药性危机迫使制药行业寻找新的抗菌药物来对抗一系列当前和潜在的多耐药细菌病原体。在这篇综述中，我们概述了β-内酰胺类药物的开发、创新和治疗应用的现状，重点介绍了半合成头孢菌素。头孢菌素 C（CPC）是一种来自链霉菌的天然次级代谢产物，在生产现代抗生素和开发新抗生素方面发挥着重要而苛刻的作用。CPC 是生产能够控制具有不同耐药机制的感染的半合成头孢菌素的核心化合物。因此，我们总结了我们关于 CPC 生物合成途径及其在真菌宿主中的调控的最新知识。最后，我们描述了 CPC 如何作为 7-氨基头孢烷酸（7-ACA）的体外和更好的体内合成的关键先导化合物来源，7-ACA 是当前和未来半合成头孢菌素药物合成的主要核心化合物。
头孢菌素代的最新文献
头孢菌素的生物技术生产
7-ACA 的体内生产。
