Merians Addie N, Spiller Tobias, Harpaz-Rotem Ilan, Krystal John H, Pietrzak Robert H
Clinical Neurosciences Division, United States Department of Veterans Affairs, National Center for Posttraumatic Stress Disorder, West Haven, CT, USA; Department of Psychiatry, Yale School of Medicine, 300 George Street #901, New Haven, CT 06511, USA.
Clinical Neurosciences Division, United States Department of Veterans Affairs, National Center for Posttraumatic Stress Disorder, West Haven, CT, USA; Department of Psychiatry, Yale School of Medicine, 300 George Street #901, New Haven, CT 06511, USA.
Med Clin North Am. 2023 Jan;107(1):85-99. doi: 10.1016/j.mcna.2022.04.003. Epub 2022 Oct 28.
Post-traumatic stress disorder (PTSD) is characterized by symptoms of re-experiencing, avoidance, negative alterations in cognition and mood, and marked alterations in arousal and reactivity following exposure to a traumatic event. PTSD can be assessed by structured interviews and screening measures in psychiatric and nonpsychiatric settings. Evidence-based psychotherapies are the first-line treatment of PTSD, with cognitive behavioral therapies, such as prolonged exposure, cognitive processing therapy, and eye movement desensitization and reprocessing having the largest body and highest quality of evidence. Serotonin reuptake inhibitors are the first-line pharmacologic treatments for PTSD and are often used in conjunction with other therapeutic interventions.
创伤后应激障碍（PTSD）的特征是在经历创伤性事件后出现反复体验的症状、回避、认知和情绪的负面改变，以及觉醒和反应性的显著改变。在精神科和非精神科环境中，PTSD可通过结构化访谈和筛查措施进行评估。循证心理治疗是PTSD的一线治疗方法，其中认知行为疗法，如延长暴露疗法、认知加工疗法和眼动脱敏再处理疗法，拥有最多的证据且证据质量最高。5-羟色胺再摄取抑制剂是PTSD的一线药物治疗方法，并且常与其他治疗干预措施联合使用。
