人类免疫缺陷病毒：机会性感染及其他问题。

Human Immunodeficiency Virus: Opportunistic Infections and Beyond.

机构信息

Department of Neuroradiology, Manchester Centre for Clinical Neurosciences, Salford Royal Hospital, Northern Care Alliance NHS Foundation Trust, Stott Lane, Salford, M6 8HD, UK.

Division of Neuroradiology, Department of Radiology, University of Michigan, 1500 East Medical Center Drive, UH B2, Ann Arbor, MI 48109, USA. Electronic address: https://twitter.com/GattsukiRadiol.

出版信息

Neuroimaging Clin N Am. 2023 Feb;33(1):147-165. doi: 10.1016/j.nic.2022.07.014.

DOI:10.1016/j.nic.2022.07.014

PMID:36404041

Abstract

Human immunodeficiency virus (HIV) infection causes substantial morbidity and mortality worldwide. Although antiretroviral therapy (ART) has changed the epidemiology of HIV in the last 20 years with increased survival and decreasing incidence of opportunistic infections (OI), CNS OI remain a major cause of morbidity. Improved survival has also increased neurological presentations due to co morbid conditions, treatment related side effects and inflammatory syndromes. Being familiar with the imaging findings, the impact of ART and interpretation of imaging in the context of clinical and laboratory findings is important for radiologists as well as clinicians in the management of HIV-infected patients.

摘要

人类免疫缺陷病毒（HIV）感染在全球范围内导致了大量的发病率和死亡率。尽管抗逆转录病毒治疗（ART）在过去 20 年中改变了 HIV 的流行病学，使存活率提高，机会性感染（OI）的发病率降低，但中枢神经系统 OI 仍然是发病率的主要原因。存活率的提高也增加了因合并症、治疗相关副作用和炎症综合征而导致的神经表现。熟悉影像学表现、ART 的影响以及在临床和实验室发现的背景下对影像学的解读，对于放射科医生以及 HIV 感染患者的临床管理都很重要。