Lai Xingxing, Zhong Zhongxuan, Lin Bing, Wu Yuxin, Ma Yonghao, Zhang Cuiping, Yang Yang, Zhang Mingqing, Qin Weijian, Fu Xiaoqin, Shu Hu
School of Life Sciences, Guangzhou University, Guangzhou, China.
School of Life Sciences, Sun Yat-sen University, Guangzhou, China.
Front Physiol. 2022 Nov 3;13:1049776. doi: 10.3389/fphys.2022.1049776. eCollection 2022.
Hypoxia is a critical problem in intensive aquaculture systems. In the present study, the physiological responses of muscle to acute hypoxic stress (DO = 0.6 ± 0.1 mg/L) and reoxygenation (DO = 6.0 ± 0.1 mg/L) were analyzed by transcriptome sequencing (RNA-seq) and quantitative real-time PCR (qRT-PCR). RNA-seq was conducted on the muscle tissues of in the hypoxia-tolerant (EMS), hypoxia-sensitive (EMW), and normoxic (CM) groups. Among the three groups, a total of 277 differentially expressed genes (DEGs) were identified. KEGG analysis revealed that the pathways significantly enriched after hypoxic stress are involved in the immune response, glycolysis/gluconeogenesis, energy metabolism, vasodilation and proliferation, cell proliferation, and apoptosis. qRT‒PCR verified that the differentially expressed genes , , , and were significantly upregulated after hypoxic stress and returned to normal levels after reoxygenation, suggesting that these DEGs play important roles in responding to hypoxia treatment. In addition, the HIF-1 signaling pathway was also activated under hypoxic stress, and qRT‒PCR confirmed that the expression level of was significantly elevated under acute hypoxic stress, indicating that the HIF-1 signaling pathway is the central pathway in the hypoxic response mechanism and activates other related pathways to adapt to hypoxic stress. These pathways jointly regulate energy metabolism, substance synthesis, blood vessel proliferation, cell proliferation, and differentiation and prolong survival time. These results provide ideas for understanding physiological regulation after hypoxic stress and reoxygenation and provide basic insights for the future breeding of hypoxia-tolerant .
缺氧是集约化水产养殖系统中的一个关键问题。在本研究中，通过转录组测序（RNA-seq）和定量实时PCR（qRT-PCR）分析了肌肉对急性缺氧应激（溶解氧=0.6±0.1毫克/升）和复氧（溶解氧=6.0±0.1毫克/升）的生理反应。对耐缺氧组（EMS）、缺氧敏感组（EMW）和常氧组（CM）的肌肉组织进行了RNA-seq分析。在这三组中，共鉴定出277个差异表达基因（DEG）。KEGG分析表明，缺氧应激后显著富集的通路涉及免疫反应、糖酵解/糖异生、能量代谢、血管舒张和增殖、细胞增殖以及细胞凋亡。qRT-PCR验证了差异表达基因、、和在缺氧应激后显著上调，复氧后恢复到正常水平，表明这些DEG在应对缺氧处理中发挥重要作用。此外，缺氧应激下HIF-1信号通路也被激活，qRT-PCR证实急性缺氧应激下的表达水平显著升高，表明HIF-1信号通路是缺氧反应机制中的核心通路，并激活其他相关通路以适应缺氧应激。这些通路共同调节能量代谢、物质合成、血管增殖、细胞增殖和分化，并延长存活时间。这些结果为理解缺氧应激和复氧后的生理调节提供了思路，并为未来耐缺氧品种的选育提供了基础见解。
