El-Saadony Mohamed T, Saad Ahmed M, Soliman Soliman M, Salem Heba M, Desoky El-Sayed M, Babalghith Ahmad O, El-Tahan Amira M, Ibrahim Omar M, Ebrahim Alia A M, Abd El-Mageed Taia A, Elrys Ahmed S, Elbadawi Alaa A, El-Tarabily Khaled A, AbuQamar Synan F
Department of Agricultural Microbiology, Faculty of Agriculture, Zagazig University, Zagazig, Egypt.
Department of Biochemistry, Faculty of Agriculture, Zagazig University, Zagazig, Egypt.
Front Plant Sci. 2022 Nov 2;13:946717. doi: 10.3389/fpls.2022.946717. eCollection 2022.
Plants are subjected to a wide range of abiotic stresses, such as heat, cold, drought, salinity, flooding, and heavy metals. Generally, abiotic stresses have adverse impacts on plant growth and development which affects agricultural productivity, causing food security problems, and resulting in economic losses. To reduce the negative effects of environmental stress on crop plants, novel technologies, such as nanotechnology, have emerged. Implementing nanotechnology in modern agriculture can also help improve the efficiency of water usage, prevent plant diseases, ensure food security, reduce environmental pollution, and enhance sustainability. In this regard, nanoparticles (NPs) can help combat nutrient deficiencies, promote stress tolerance, and improve the yield and quality of crops. This can be achieved by stimulating the activity of certain enzymes, increasing the contents (e.g., chlorophyll) and efficiency of photosynthesis, and controlling plant pathogens. The use of nanoscale agrochemicals, including nanopesticides, nanoherbicides, and nanofertilizers, has recently acquired increasing interest as potential plant-enhancing technologies. This review acknowledges the positive impacts of NPs in sustainable agriculture, and highlights their adverse effects on the environment, health, and food chain. Here, the role and scope of NPs as a practical tool to enhance yield and mitigate the detrimental effects of abiotic stresses in crops are described. The future perspective of nanoparticles in agriculture has also been discussed.
植物会遭受多种非生物胁迫，如高温、低温、干旱、盐害、洪涝和重金属污染等。一般来说，非生物胁迫会对植物的生长发育产生不利影响，进而影响农业生产力，引发粮食安全问题，并造成经济损失。为了减少环境胁迫对农作物的负面影响，诸如纳米技术等新技术应运而生。在现代农业中应用纳米技术还有助于提高水资源利用效率、预防植物病害、确保粮食安全、减少环境污染并增强可持续性。在这方面，纳米颗粒（NPs）有助于解决养分缺乏问题、提高植物的胁迫耐受性，并改善作物的产量和品质。这可以通过刺激某些酶的活性、增加叶绿素等物质的含量以及光合作用效率，以及控制植物病原体来实现。近年来，包括纳米农药、纳米除草剂和纳米肥料在内的纳米级农用化学品作为潜在的植物增强技术越来越受到关注。本综述肯定了纳米颗粒在可持续农业中的积极影响，并强调了它们对环境、健康和食物链的不利影响。在此，描述了纳米颗粒作为提高作物产量和减轻非生物胁迫有害影响的实用工具的作用和范围。还讨论了纳米颗粒在农业中的未来前景。
