审视同性婚姻合法化对性少数群体女性的感知影响：识别与酒精使用障碍、抑郁症及自我感知健康相关的人口统计学差异和因素。
Examining perceived effects of same-sex marriage legalization among sexual minority women: Identifying demographic differences and factors related to alcohol use disorder, depression, and self-perceived health.
作者信息
Drabble Laurie A, Mericle Amy A, Munroe Cat, Wootton Angie R, Trocki Karen F, Hughes Tonda L
机构信息
College of Health & Human Sciences, San José State University, San José, CA.
Alcohol Research Group, Public Health Institute, Emeryville, CA.
出版信息
Sex Res Social Policy. 2022 Sep;19(3):1285-1299. doi: 10.1007/s13178-021-00639-x. Epub 2021 Sep 16.
BACKGROUND
Reductions in structural stigma, such as gaining access to legalized same-sex marriage, is associated with positive psychological and physical health outcomes among sexual minorities. However, these positive outcomes may be less robust among sexual minority women (SMW).
METHODS
This study examined how perceptions of the impact of legalized same-sex marriage among SMW may 1) differ by demographic characteristics and 2) predict alcohol use disorder, depression, and self-perceived health. A diverse sample of SMW (N=446) completed an online survey in 2020 assessing the perceived impact of legalized same-sex marriage across six social-ecological domains: 1) personal impact, 2) stigma-related concerns, 3) couple impact, 4) family support, 5) work/school impact, and 6) local social climate towards LGBTQ people.
RESULTS
Perceived impact across multiple domains differed by relationship status and sexual identity (e.g., lesbian compared to bisexual identity); only family support differed by race/ethnicity. Stigma-related concerns (e.g., experiencing or witnessing hostility or discrimination because of sexual identity, despite legalized same-sex marriage) were associated with greater odds of depression and lower odds of reporting excellent, very good, or good health. Odds of depression were lower among participants who reported higher personal impact, a greater number of family members supportive of same-sex marriage, and a more positive local social climate. Family support also predicted self-perceived health. However, participants who perceived increased support in work/school contexts after legalized same-sex marriage had higher odds of alcohol use disorder.
CONCLUSIONS
Overall, findings underscore the importance of policy in improving health outcomes through reducing stigma-related concerns and improving social acceptance.
背景
减少结构性污名，如获得同性婚姻合法化，与性少数群体积极的心理和身体健康结果相关。然而，这些积极结果在性少数群体女性（SMW）中可能不那么显著。
方法
本研究考察了SMW对同性婚姻合法化影响的认知如何1）因人口统计学特征而异，以及2）预测酒精使用障碍、抑郁和自我感知健康状况。一个多样化的SMW样本（N = 446）于2020年完成了一项在线调查，评估同性婚姻合法化在六个社会生态领域的感知影响：1）个人影响，2）与污名相关的担忧，3）伴侣影响，4）家庭支持，5）工作/学校影响，以及6）当地对 LGBTQ 人群的社会氛围。
结果
多个领域的感知影响因恋爱状况和性取向（例如，女同性恋与双性恋身份相比）而异；只有家庭支持因种族/民族而异。与污名相关的担忧（例如，尽管同性婚姻合法化，但因性取向而经历或目睹敌意或歧视）与更高的抑郁几率以及报告极佳、非常好或良好健康状况的较低几率相关。报告个人影响较高、支持同性婚姻的家庭成员较多以及当地社会氛围更积极的参与者抑郁几率较低。家庭支持也能预测自我感知健康状况。然而，那些认为同性婚姻合法化后在工作/学校环境中获得更多支持的参与者酒精使用障碍的几率更高。
结论
总体而言，研究结果强调了政策在通过减少与污名相关的担忧和提高社会接受度来改善健康结果方面的重要性。
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