Department of Gynecology and Obstetrics Nursing, School of Nursing, Wannan Medical College, Wuhu, China.
Department of Gerontology, Yijishan Hospital, The First Affiliated Hospital of Wannan Medical College, Wuhu, China.
Front Public Health. 2022 Nov 2;10:1015803. doi: 10.3389/fpubh.2022.1015803. eCollection 2022.
The pandemic of COVID-19 continues to challenge people's health worldwide. In the second year of the pandemic, adherence to COVID-19 preventive behavior is key to continuing efforts to overcome the epidemic. This study aims to assess the COVID-19-related knowledge, attitude, and prevention behavior (KAP) and electronic health literacy (eHealth literacy) among Anhui residents in China.
From January 30 to March 27, 2021, the cross-sectional study was performed among Anhui residents in China, including 16 cities. An online survey was adopted to assess KAP regarding COVID-19, and eHealth, involving a total of 2,122 citizens. Following informed consent, residents were recruited by convenience sampling. Frequencies and proportions were calculated. Additionally, Mann-Whitney tests were used to analyze the variables. Independent predictors of preventive behavior of COVID-19 were ascertained using a multivariable logistic regression model.
Residents demonstrated good knowledge, positive attitudes, acceptable practices, and good eHealth literacy. Online news and WeChat are the main health information resources. Citizens who had good knowledge, a positive attitude, good eHealth, and did not participate in the online lectures or training COVID-19 were more likely to take preventive measures. Those with poor health, who were male, did not have family members working in health care facilities, and did not work in a face-to-face environment were less likely to take precautions. Compared with a master's degree and above, participants with middle school education level and below took preventive behavior sometimes. Residents who browse the COVID-19 webpage <15 min weekly seldom took preventive actions.
The study showed that in the second year of the COVID-19 pandemic, Chinese residents had adequate knowledge of COVID-19, positive attitudes, appropriate preventive practices, and basic eHealth literacy. To prevent the rebound of the COVID-19 epidemic, the government and health agencies should inform citizens concerning which information channels or websites to use and assist the underprivileged population who lacks basic infrastructure. In addition, increasing the level of knowledge and attitude, enhancing eHealth literacy and the Health Belief Model (HBM), and implementing the Health Code were seen as ways to reinforce adherence to preventive behavior. Targeting men, implementing public awareness campaigns, community engagement strategies, and health education programs are recommended.
COVID-19 大流行继续对全球人民的健康构成挑战。在大流行的第二年，坚持 COVID-19 预防行为是继续努力克服该流行病的关键。本研究旨在评估中国安徽居民的 COVID-19 相关知识、态度和预防行为（KAP）以及电子健康素养（eHealth literacy）。
2021 年 1 月 30 日至 3 月 27 日，在中国安徽居民中进行了一项横断面研究，包括 16 个城市。采用在线调查评估 COVID-19 相关知识和 eHealth，共招募了 2122 名居民。在获得知情同意后，通过便利抽样招募居民。计算频率和比例。此外，采用 Mann-Whitney U 检验分析变量。使用多变量逻辑回归模型确定 COVID-19 预防行为的独立预测因素。
居民表现出良好的知识、积极的态度、可接受的实践和良好的 eHealth 素养。在线新闻和微信是主要的健康信息资源。知识水平较好、态度积极、eHealth 良好、未参加在线讲座或培训 COVID-19 的居民更有可能采取预防措施。健康状况较差、男性、家庭成员不在医疗机构工作、不在面对面环境中工作的居民不太可能采取预防措施。与硕士及以上学历相比，中学及以下学历的居民有时会采取预防行为。每周浏览 COVID-19 网页<15 分钟的居民很少采取预防措施。
研究表明，在 COVID-19 大流行的第二年，中国居民对 COVID-19 有足够的了解、积极的态度、适当的预防措施和基本的 eHealth 素养。为了防止 COVID-19 疫情反弹，政府和卫生机构应告知公民使用哪些信息渠道或网站，并帮助缺乏基本基础设施的弱势群体。此外，提高知识和态度水平、增强 eHealth 素养和健康信念模型（HBM），以及实施健康码被视为加强预防行为的方法。建议针对男性、开展公众意识宣传活动、社区参与策略和健康教育计划。
