Department of Infectious Diseases, Medical Mycology Research Center, Chiba University, Chiba, Japan.
Department of Bacteriology I, National Institute of Infectious Diseases, Tokyo, Japan.
Epidemiol Infect. 2022 Oct 7;150:e184. doi: 10.1017/S0950268822001534.
This is the first report on a population-based prospective study of invasive group B streptococcus (GBS) disease among children aged <15 years conducted over a period of 11 years in Japan. This study investigated the incidence and clinical manifestations of invasive GBS disease in children in Chiba Prefecture, Japan, and analysed the serotypes and drug susceptibility of GBS strains isolated during the study period. Overall, 127 episodes of invasive GBS disease were reported in 123 patients. Of these, 124 were observed in 120 patients aged <1 year, and the remaining three episodes were reported in a 9-year-old child and two 14-year-old children with underlying disease. For patients aged <1 year, the incidence rate per 1000 live births was 0.24 (0.15-0.36). The incidences of early-onset disease and late-onset disease were 0.04 (0.0-0.09) and 0.17 (0.08-0.25), respectively. The rate of meningitis was 45.2%, and the incidence of GBS meningitis was higher than that of other invasive diseases among children in Japan. Of the 109 patients for whom prognosis was available, 7 (6.4%) died and 21 (19.3%) had sequelae. In total, 68 strains were analysed. The most common were serotype III strains ( = 42, 61.8%), especially serotype III/ST17 strains ( = 22, 32.4%). This study showed that the incidence of invasive GBS disease among Japanese children was constant during the study period. Because of the high incidence of meningitis and disease burden, new preventive strategies, such as GBS vaccine, are essential.
这是日本在 11 年期间进行的一项关于 15 岁以下儿童侵袭性 B 群链球菌（GBS）疾病的基于人群的前瞻性研究的首次报告。本研究调查了日本千叶县儿童侵袭性 GBS 疾病的发病率和临床表现，并分析了研究期间分离的 GBS 菌株的血清型和药敏性。总体而言，在 123 名患者中报告了 127 例侵袭性 GBS 疾病。其中，124 例发生在 120 名年龄<1 岁的患者中，其余 3 例发生在 9 岁儿童和 2 名患有基础疾病的 14 岁儿童中。对于年龄<1 岁的患者，每 1000 例活产儿的发病率为 0.24（0.15-0.36）。早发型疾病和晚发型疾病的发生率分别为 0.04（0.0-0.09）和 0.17（0.08-0.25）。脑膜炎的发生率为 45.2%，GBS 脑膜炎的发生率高于日本其他儿童侵袭性疾病。在可获得预后的 109 名患者中，7 例（6.4%）死亡，21 例（19.3%）有后遗症。共分析了 68 株。最常见的是血清型 III 菌株（=42，61.8%），尤其是血清型 III/ST17 菌株（=22，32.4%）。本研究表明，研究期间日本儿童侵袭性 GBS 疾病的发病率保持不变。由于脑膜炎发病率高且疾病负担重，因此需要新的预防策略，如 GBS 疫苗。
