Umale Sagar, Khandelwal Prashant, Humm John R, Yoganandan Narayan
Aperture LLC, Long Beach, California.
Department of Neurosurgery, Medical College of Wisconsin, Milwaukee, Wisconsin.
Traffic Inj Prev. 2022;23(sup1):S92-S98. doi: 10.1080/15389588.2022.2135373. Epub 2022 Nov 21.
The objective of the study was to investigate the difference between elderly and young occupant injury risks using human body finite element modeling in frontal impacts.
Two elderly male occupant models (representative age 70-80 years) were developed using the Global Human Body Consortium (GHBMC) 50th percentile as the baseline model. In the first elderly model (EM-1), material property changes were incorporated, and in the second elderly model (EM-2), material and anthropometric changes were incorporated. Material properties were based on literature. The baseline model was morphed to elderly anthropometry for EM-2. The three models were simulated in a frontal crash vehicle environment at 56 km/h. Responses from the two elderly and baseline models were compared with cadaver experimental data in thoracic, abdominal, and frontal impacts. Correlation and analysis scores were used for correlation with experimental data. The probabilities of head, neck, and thoracic injuries were assessed.
The elderly models showed a good correlation with experimental responses. The elderly EM-1 had higher risk of head and brain injuries compared to the elderly EM-2 and baseline GHBMC models. The elderly EM-2 demonstrated higher risk of neck, chest, and abdominal injuries than the elderly EM-1 and baseline models.
The study investigated injury risks of two elderly occupants and compared to a young occupant in frontal crashes. The change in the material properties alone (EM-1) suggested that elderly occupants may be vulnerable to a greater risk of head and thoracic injuries, whereas change in both anthropometric and material properties (EM-2) suggested that elderly occupants may be vulnerable to a greater risk of thoracic and neck injuries. The second elderly model results were in better agreement with field injury data from the literature; thus, both anthropometric and material properties should be considered when assessing the injury risks of elderly occupants. The elderly models developed in this study can be used to simulate different impact conditions and determine injury risks for this group of our population.
本研究的目的是使用人体有限元模型研究在正面碰撞中老年人和年轻人乘员受伤风险的差异。
以全球人体模型联盟（GHBMC）第50百分位数作为基线模型，开发了两个老年男性乘员模型（代表年龄70 - 80岁）。在第一个老年模型（EM - 1）中纳入了材料属性变化，在第二个老年模型（EM - 2）中纳入了材料和人体测量学变化。材料属性基于文献。将基线模型变形为适合EM - 2的老年人体测量学模型。这三个模型在正面碰撞车辆环境中以56公里/小时的速度进行模拟。将两个老年模型和基线模型的响应与尸体在胸部、腹部和正面碰撞中的实验数据进行比较。使用相关性和分析得分来与实验数据进行关联。评估头部、颈部和胸部受伤的概率。
老年模型与实验响应显示出良好的相关性。与老年EM - 2和基线GHBMC模型相比，老年EM - 1头部和脑部受伤的风险更高。老年EM - 2显示出比老年EM - 1和基线模型更高的颈部、胸部和腹部受伤风险。
本研究调查了两名老年乘员在正面碰撞中的受伤风险，并与年轻乘员进行了比较。仅材料属性的变化（EM - 1）表明老年乘员可能更容易遭受头部和胸部受伤的更大风险，而人体测量学和材料属性两者的变化（EM - 2）表明老年乘员可能更容易遭受胸部和颈部受伤的更大风险。第二个老年模型的结果与文献中的现场受伤数据更一致；因此，在评估老年乘员的受伤风险时应同时考虑人体测量学和材料属性。本研究中开发的老年模型可用于模拟不同的碰撞条件并确定该人群的受伤风险。
