Schoell Samantha L, Weaver Ashley A, Urban Jillian E, Jones Derek A, Stitzel Joel D, Hwang Eunjoo, Reed Matthew P, Rupp Jonathan D, Hu Jingwen
Wake Forest School of Medicine, Virginia Tech - Wake Forest University Center for Injury Biomechanics.
University of Michigan Transportation Research Institute.
Stapp Car Crash J. 2015 Nov;59:359-83. doi: 10.4271/2015-22-0014.
The aging population is a growing concern as the increased fragility and frailty of the elderly results in an elevated incidence of injury as well as an increased risk of mortality and morbidity. To assess elderly injury risk, age-specific computational models can be developed to directly calculate biomechanical metrics for injury. The first objective was to develop an older occupant Global Human Body Models Consortium (GHBMC) average male model (M50) representative of a 65 year old (YO) and to perform regional validation tests to investigate predicted fractures and injury severity with age. Development of the GHBMC M50 65 YO model involved implementing geometric, cortical thickness, and material property changes with age. Regional validation tests included a chest impact, a lateral impact, a shoulder impact, a thoracoabdominal impact, an abdominal bar impact, a pelvic impact, and a lateral sled test. The second objective was to investigate age-related injury risks by performing a frontal US NCAP simulation test with the GHBMC M50 65 YO and the GHBMC M50 v4.2 models. Simulation results were compared to the GHBMC M50 v4.2 to evaluate the effect of age on occupant response and risk for head injury, neck injury, thoracic injury, and lower extremity injury. Overall, the GHBMC M50 65 YO model predicted higher probabilities of AIS 3+ injury for the head and thorax.
人口老龄化日益受到关注，因为老年人身体更加脆弱，受伤发生率上升，死亡和发病风险也增加。为评估老年人的受伤风险，可以开发特定年龄的计算模型，直接计算受伤的生物力学指标。第一个目标是开发一个代表65岁老年人的老年乘员全球人体模型联盟（GHBMC）平均男性模型（M50），并进行区域验证测试，以研究预测的骨折情况和受伤严重程度与年龄的关系。GHBMC M50 65岁模型的开发涉及随着年龄增长实施几何形状、皮质厚度和材料属性的变化。区域验证测试包括胸部撞击、侧面撞击、肩部撞击、胸腹撞击、腹部杆撞击、骨盆撞击和侧面雪橇测试。第二个目标是通过使用GHBMC M50 65岁模型和GHBMC M50 v4.2模型进行正面美国国家新车评估程序（US NCAP）模拟测试，研究与年龄相关的受伤风险。将模拟结果与GHBMC M50 v4.2进行比较，以评估年龄对乘员反应以及头部受伤、颈部受伤、胸部受伤和下肢受伤风险的影响。总体而言，GHBMC M50 65岁模型预测头部和胸部发生严重损伤评分（AIS）3级及以上损伤的概率更高。
