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焦虑敏感性与惊恐症状:痛苦耐受性的调节作用

Anxiety sensitivity and panic symptoms: the moderating influence of distress tolerance.

作者信息

Geyer Rachel B, Magee Joshua C, Clerkin Elise M

机构信息

Psychology Department, Miami University, Oxford, OH, USA.

Wellness Path Therapy, USA.

出版信息

Anxiety Stress Coping. 2023 Sep;36(5):618-635. doi: 10.1080/10615806.2022.2146102. Epub 2022 Nov 21.

Abstract

BACKGROUND AND OBJECTIVES

Anxiety sensitivity (AS) is the fear of consequences of anxiety-related sensations, and has been linked to the development of panic symptoms. Distress tolerance (DT) encompasses one's behavioral or self-perceived ability to handle aversive states. We examined whether higher DT buffers the relationship between AS and changes in panic symptoms across two timepoints, spaced ∼three weeks apart.

DESIGN AND METHODS

At Time 1, 208 participants completed questionnaires and a physical DT task (breath-holding duration), a cognitive DT task (anagram persistence), and a self-report measure of DT (perceived DT). Panic symptoms were assessed at both timepoints. Structural equation modeling was used to evaluate two models in which AS and DT predicted changes in panic.

RESULTS

Contrary to hypotheses, for those with longer breath-holding duration (higher physical DT), higher fears of physical anxiety-related sensations (higher physical AS) were associated with worse panic outcomes over time.

CONCLUSIONS

Findings suggest that those with lower physical DT may have been less willing to engage with difficult tasks in the short-term. Although disengagement in the short-term may provide temporary relief, it is possible that averse psychopathological consequences stemming from rigid or habitual avoidance of distressing states may develop over longer periods of time.

摘要

背景与目的

焦虑敏感性(AS)是对与焦虑相关感觉的后果的恐惧,并且与惊恐症状的发展有关。痛苦耐受力(DT)包括一个人处理厌恶状态的行为或自我感知能力。我们研究了较高的DT是否缓冲了AS与相隔约三周的两个时间点的惊恐症状变化之间的关系。

设计与方法

在时间1,208名参与者完成了问卷调查以及一项身体DT任务(屏气持续时间)、一项认知DT任务(字谜坚持度)和一项DT的自我报告测量(感知DT)。在两个时间点都评估了惊恐症状。结构方程模型用于评估两个模型,其中AS和DT预测惊恐的变化。

结果

与假设相反,对于屏气持续时间较长(较高的身体DT)的人,对与身体焦虑相关感觉的较高恐惧(较高的身体AS)随着时间的推移与更差的惊恐结果相关。

结论

研究结果表明,身体DT较低的人可能在短期内不太愿意参与困难任务。虽然短期内脱离接触可能会提供暂时的缓解,但长期来看,由于僵化或习惯性地避免痛苦状态而产生的厌恶心理病理后果是有可能出现的。

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