Department of Pediatric Surgery, Shenzhen Baoan Women's and Children's Hospital, Jinan University.
Department of Orthopeadics I, Shenzhen Children's Hospital, Shenzhen, Guangdong Province, China.
J Craniofac Surg. 2022;33(8):2704-2710. doi: 10.1097/SCS.0000000000008781. Epub 2022 Aug 2.
To investigate the correlation between the features of basement membranes (BMs) of residual myofibers in the sternocleidomastoid muscle (SCM) and fibrosis of congenital muscular torticollis (CMT) in children, and to evaluate the relationship between BM changes and appearance of CMT.
We reviewed the CMT patients from 2017 to 2018 and performed pathological studies. Forty resected specimens were stained by hematoxylin and eosin and Masson collagen staining. Immunohistochemical staining of collagen IV and laminin was also performed. Five adductor muscle specimens from patients with developmental dysplasia of the hip were used as the control group.
Hematoxylin and eosin staining revealed apparent interstitial fibrosis around residual myofibers in lesion specimens. However, the severity of fibrosis differed within the same samples. The average percent area of fibrous tissue in affected SCMs and controls were different significantly. Immunohistochemical staining of collagen IV and laminin showed these proteins were mostly expressed in the BM and vascular wall of affected SCM. However, BMs and myofibers from three different areas within the same SCM tissue exhibited significant differences in proteins expression.
Therefore, the defective BMs are associated with myofiber and mesenchyme fibrosis in patients with CMT, which is crucial for understanding the histopathology of SCM.
探讨儿童先天性肌性斜颈（CMT）中胸锁乳突肌（SCM）残余肌纤维基底膜（BMs）特征与纤维化之间的相关性，并评估 BM 变化与 CMT 外观之间的关系。
我们回顾了 2017 年至 2018 年的 CMT 患者，并进行了病理研究。对 40 个切除标本进行了苏木精和伊红及 Masson 胶原染色。还进行了胶原 IV 和层粘连蛋白的免疫组织化学染色。将 5 个来自发育性髋关节发育不良患者的内收肌标本作为对照组。
苏木精和伊红染色显示病变标本中残余肌纤维周围有明显的间质纤维化。然而，同一标本内纤维化的严重程度不同。受影响的 SCM 中的纤维组织平均面积百分比与对照组有显著差异。胶原 IV 和层粘连蛋白的免疫组织化学染色显示这些蛋白质主要在受影响的 SCM 的 BM 和血管壁中表达。然而，来自同一 SCM 组织的三个不同区域的 BMs 和肌纤维在蛋白质表达方面存在显著差异。
因此，有缺陷的 BMs 与 CMT 患者的肌纤维和间叶组织纤维化有关，这对于理解 SCM 的组织病理学至关重要。
