Departments of Pediatric Dentistry, Faculty of Dentistry, Karadeniz Technical University, Trabzon, Turkey.
Department of Medical Biochemistry, Faculty of Medicine and, Faculty of Health Sciences, Karadeniz Technical University, Trabzon, Turkey.
Niger J Clin Pract. 2022 Nov;25(11):1853-1863. doi: 10.4103/njcp.njcp_289_22.
In dentistry, needles are the most feared and anxiety-causing tool, making anesthetic injection a worrying practice for patients.
To evaluate the effect of intraosseous anesthesia (IOA) and needle-free dental anesthesia (NFA) on pain levels in systemically healthy 8-10-year-old patients.
Twenty patients aged 8-10 years were included in this cross-over study. Specifically, the pain was measured by Wong Baker, pulse rate (PR), and salivary opiorphin levels (SOL). In addition, the Frankl Behavioral scale was used to measure behaviors and face, legs, activity, cry, consolability (FLACC) was utilized to measure pain and discomfort. To determine the patients' anxiety levels Spielberger State-Trait Anxiety Scale (SSAS-SAAS) was used. The Friedman and Wilcoxon signed-rank tests were used. P < 0.05 was considered significant.
According to FLACC scores, IOA and NFA exhibited significantly pain alteration patterns in during local and topical anesthesia, respectively (p = 0.004, 0.001; P < 0.01). Also, only NFA showed significantly decreased SOL values in 5- and 10-min after local anesthesia periods compared to the before levels (p = 0.004, P = 0.001; P < 0.01).
Patients feel similar pain perceptions during local anesthesia application in both injection systems. According to the SOL values, NFA may provide more higher anesthetic efficiency than IOA.
在牙科中，针是最令人恐惧和焦虑的工具，这使得麻醉注射成为患者担忧的实践。
评估骨内麻醉（IOA）和无针牙科麻醉（NFA）对系统健康的 8-10 岁患者疼痛水平的影响。
本交叉研究纳入了 20 名 8-10 岁的患者。具体而言，通过 Wong Baker、脉搏率（PR）和唾液阿片肽水平（SOL）来测量疼痛。此外，还使用 Frankl 行为量表来测量行为，使用面部、腿部、活动、哭泣、安抚（FLACC）来测量疼痛和不适。使用 Spielberger 状态-特质焦虑量表（SSAS-SAAS）来确定患者的焦虑水平。使用 Friedman 和 Wilcoxon 符号秩检验。P < 0.05 被认为具有统计学意义。
根据 FLACC 评分，在局部和表面麻醉期间，IOA 和 NFA 分别表现出明显的疼痛变化模式（p = 0.004，0.001；P < 0.01）。此外，与局部麻醉前相比，仅 NFA 在局部麻醉后 5 分钟和 10 分钟时 SOL 值显著降低（p = 0.004，P = 0.001；P < 0.01）。
患者在两种注射系统中应用局部麻醉时感到相似的疼痛感知。根据 SOL 值，NFA 可能比 IOA 提供更高的麻醉效率。
