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世界上最小的哺乳动物的皮质突触：在伊特鲁里亚鼩鼱中的 FIB/SEM 研究。

Cortical synapses of the world's smallest mammal: An FIB/SEM study in the Etruscan shrew.

机构信息

Laboratorio Cajal de Circuitos Corticales, Centro de Tecnología Biomédica, Universidad Politécnica de Madrid, Pozuelo de Alarcón, Madrid, Spain.

Instituto Cajal, Interdisciplinary Platform Cajal Blue Brain, Consejo Superior de Investigaciones Científicas (CSIC), Madrid, Spain.

出版信息

J Comp Neurol. 2023 Feb;531(3):390-414. doi: 10.1002/cne.25432. Epub 2022 Nov 22.

DOI:10.1002/cne.25432
PMID:36413612
原文链接:https://pmc.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/articles/PMC10100312/
Abstract

The main aim of the present study was to determine if synapses from the exceptionally small brain of the Etruscan shrew show any peculiarities compared to the much larger human brain. We analyzed the cortical synaptic density and a variety of structural characteristics of 7,239 3D reconstructed synapses, using using Focused Ion Beam/Scanning Electron Microscopy (FIB/SEM). We found that some of the general synaptic characteristics are remarkably similar to those found in the human cerebral cortex. However, the cortical volume of the human brain is about 50,000 times larger than the cortical volume of the Etruscan shrew, while the total number of cortical synapses in human is only 20,000 times the number of synapses in the shrew, and synaptic junctions are 35% smaller in the Etruscan shrew. Thus, the differences in the number and size of synapses cannot be attributed to a brain size scaling effect but rather to adaptations of synaptic circuits to particular functions.

摘要

本研究的主要目的是确定伊特鲁里亚鼩鼱异常小的大脑中的突触与人类大脑相比是否存在任何特殊性。我们使用聚焦离子束/扫描电子显微镜（FIB/SEM）分析了 7239 个 3D 重建突触的皮质突触密度和各种结构特征。我们发现，一些一般的突触特征与在人类大脑皮层中发现的特征非常相似。然而，人类大脑的皮质体积大约是伊特鲁里亚鼩鼱皮质体积的 50000 倍，而人类大脑皮质中的突触总数仅为伊特鲁里亚鼩鼱突触总数的 20000 倍，突触连接的大小在伊特鲁里亚鼩鼱中也小了 35%。因此，突触数量和大小的差异不能归因于大脑大小的比例效应，而可能是突触回路对特定功能的适应。

https://cdn.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/blobs/3790/10100312/ad67685e0c75/CNE-531-390-g010.jpg
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Neocortical Layer 1: An Elegant Solution to Top-Down and Bottom-Up Integration.
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