School of Civil & Architecture Engineering, Xi'an Technological University, Xi'an, Shaanxi, 710021, People's Republic of China.
SCNU Environmental Research Institute, Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Chemical Pollution and Environmental Safety & MOE Key Laboratory of Theoretical Chemistry of Environment, School of Environment, South China Normal University, Guangzhou, 510006, People's Republic of China.
Environ Sci Pollut Res Int. 2023 Mar;30(11):29143-29153. doi: 10.1007/s11356-022-24131-0. Epub 2022 Nov 21.
Nitenpyram (NIT) is the most water-soluble neonicotinoid (NEO). It has been shown to pose a serious threat to human health and the environment but was always ignored due to its limited market share. There were few experts who studied NIT's transport behavior on biochar. In this study, two types of biochar were co-activated separately using zinc chloride combined with phosphoric acid and potassium hydroxide combined with acetic acid, marked as ZBC and KBC. Characterizations suggested that hydrophilic ZBC and KBC had more surface functional groups than unmodified biochar (BC), and specific surface areas of ZBC (456.406 m·g) and KBC (750.588 m·g) were significantly higher than of BC (67.181 m·g). The pore structures of KBC and ZBC were hierarchical porous structures with different pore sizes and typical microporous structure, respectively. The adsorption performance of either NIT or IMI on KBC was better than that on ZBC. Only 0.4 g·L of KBC can absorb 89.62% of NIT in just 5 min. The equilibrium adsorption amounts of NIT on ZBC and KBC were 17.995 mg·g and 82.910 mg·g. Elovich and Langmuir models were used to evaluate the whole adsorption process, which was attributed to the chemisorption mechanism. In addition, removal rates of NIT were negatively correlated to NIT's initial concentration and positively correlated to the dose of biochar. pH had almost no effect on adsorption, but the presence of salt ions can inhibit the removal of NIT. Long-term stabilities of biochars were also acceptable. These findings will promote the development in the preparation of biochar fields and provide a positive reference value for NEO removal.
吡虫啉（NIT）是最水溶性的新烟碱类（NEO）。它已被证明对人类健康和环境构成严重威胁，但由于其市场份额有限，一直被忽视。很少有专家研究过 NIT 在生物炭上的迁移行为。在这项研究中，两种生物炭分别用氯化锌和磷酸以及氢氧化钾和乙酸共激活，分别标记为 ZBC 和 KBC。特性表明，亲水性 ZBC 和 KBC 比未改性生物炭（BC）具有更多的表面官能团，ZBC（456.406 m·g）和 KBC（750.588 m·g）的比表面积明显高于 BC（67.181 m·g）。KBC 和 ZBC 的孔结构分别为具有不同孔径的分级多孔结构和典型的微孔结构。NIT 或 IMI 在 KBC 上的吸附性能均优于 ZBC。仅 0.4 g·L 的 KBC 可在 5 分钟内吸收 89.62%的 NIT。NIT 在 ZBC 和 KBC 上的平衡吸附量分别为 17.995 mg·g 和 82.910 mg·g。Elovich 和 Langmuir 模型被用来评估整个吸附过程，这归因于化学吸附机制。此外，NIT 的去除率与 NIT 的初始浓度呈负相关，与生物炭的剂量呈正相关。pH 值对吸附几乎没有影响，但盐离子的存在会抑制 NIT 的去除。生物炭的长期稳定性也是可以接受的。这些发现将促进生物炭领域的发展，并为新烟碱类去除提供积极的参考价值。
