Department of Psychology, University of Amsterdam, Amsterdam, The Netherlands.
Department of Neurology, University Medical Center Groningen, Groningen, The Netherlands.
J Clin Exp Neuropsychol. 2022 Oct;44(8):580-591. doi: 10.1080/13803395.2022.2147487. Epub 2022 Nov 22.
We aimed to investigate whether associations between deficits in "mid-range" visual functions and deficits in higher-order visual cognitive functions in stroke patients are more in line with a hierarchical, two-pathway model of the visual brain, or with a patchwork model, which assumes a parallel organization with many processing routes and cross-talk.
A group of 182 ischemic stroke patients was assessed with a new diagnostic set-up for the investigation of a comprehensive range of visuosensory mid-range functions: color, shape, location, orientation, correlated motion, contrast and texture. With logistic regression analyses we investigated the predictive value of these mid-range functions for deficits in visuoconstruction (Copy of the Rey-Complex Figure Test), visual emotion recognition (Ekman 60 Faces Test of the FEEST) and visual memory (computerized Doors-test).
Results showed that performance on most mid-range visual tasks could not predict performance on higher-order visual cognitive tasks. Correlations were low to weak. Impaired visuoconstruction and visual memory were only modestly predicted by a worse location perception. Impaired emotion perception was modestly predicted by a worse orientation perception. In addition, double dissociations were found: there were patients with selective deficits in mid-range visual functions without higher-order visual deficits and vice versa.
Our findings are not in line with the hierarchical, two-pathway model. Instead, the findings are more in line with alternative "patchwork" models, arguing for a parallel organization with many processing routes and cross-talk. However, future studies are needed to test these alternative models.
我们旨在研究中风患者的“中程”视觉功能缺陷与高阶视觉认知功能缺陷之间的关联是否更符合视觉大脑的分层双通道模型，还是更符合假设存在许多处理途径和串扰的并行组织的拼凑模型。
我们使用新的诊断设备评估了 182 名缺血性中风患者，以调查广泛的中程视觉感觉功能：颜色、形状、位置、方向、相关运动、对比度和纹理。我们通过逻辑回归分析，研究了这些中程功能对视觉构象（Rey 复杂图形测试复制）、视觉情感识别（FEES 的 Ekman 60 面孔测试）和视觉记忆（计算机化的 Doors 测试）缺陷的预测价值。
结果表明，大多数中程视觉任务的表现无法预测高阶视觉认知任务的表现。相关性低至弱。位置感知能力较差仅能适度预测视觉构象和视觉记忆受损。方向感知能力较差仅能适度预测情绪感知受损。此外，还发现了双重分离：有患者存在中程视觉功能选择性缺陷而没有高阶视觉缺陷，反之亦然。
我们的发现与分层双通道模型不一致。相反，这些发现更符合替代的“拼凑”模型，支持存在许多处理途径和串扰的并行组织。然而，需要进一步的研究来测试这些替代模型。
