Hill Braeden, Grubic Nicholas, Williamson Matthew, Phelan Dermot M, Baggish Aaron L, Dorian Paul, Drezner Jonathan A, Johri Amer M
Department of Medicine, Queen's University, Kingston, Ontario, Canada.
Sports Cardiology Center, Atrium Health Sanger Heart and Vascular Institute, Charlotte, North Carolina, USA.
Br J Sports Med. 2023 Feb;57(3):172-178. doi: 10.1136/bjsports-2022-105918. Epub 2022 Nov 23.
To evaluate the psychological implications of cardiovascular preparticipation screening (PPS) in athletes.
Systematic review.
MEDLINE, EMBASE, PubMed, CINAHL, SPORTDiscus, APA PsycInfo, Cochrane Library and grey literature sources.
Observational and experimental studies assessing a population of athletes who participated in a cardiovascular PPS protocol, where psychological outcomes before, during and/or after PPS were reported.
Results of included studies were synthesised by consolidating similar study-reported measures for key psychological outcomes before, during and/or after screening. Summary measures (medians, ranges) were computed across studies for each psychological outcome.
A total of eight studies were included in this review (median sample size: 479). Study cohorts consisted of high school, collegiate, professional and recreational athletes (medians: 59% male, 20.5 years). Most athletes reported positive reactions to screening and would recommend it to others (range 88%-100%, five studies). Increased psychological distress was mainly reported among athletes detected with pathological cardiac conditions and true-positive screening results. In comparison, athletes with false-positive screening results still reported an increased feeling of safety while participating in sport and were satisfied with PPS. A universal conclusion across all studies was that most athletes did not experience psychological distress before, during or after PPS, regardless of the screening modality used or accuracy of results.
Psychological distress associated with PPS in athletes is rare and limited to athletes with true-positive findings. To mitigate downstream consequences in athletes who experience psychological distress, appropriate interventions and resources should be accessible prior to the screening procedure.
CRD42021272887.
评估运动员心血管运动前筛查（PPS）的心理影响。
系统评价。
MEDLINE、EMBASE、PubMed、CINAHL、SPORTDiscus、APA PsycInfo、Cochrane图书馆及灰色文献来源。
观察性和实验性研究，评估参与心血管PPS方案的运动员群体，报告PPS前、中及/或后的心理结果。
通过合并各研究报告的筛查前、中及/或后关键心理结果的类似测量指标，综合纳入研究的结果。计算每项心理结果在各研究中的汇总测量指标（中位数、范围）。
本综述共纳入八项研究（样本量中位数：479）。研究队列包括高中、大学、职业和业余运动员（中位数：男性59%，年龄20.5岁）。大多数运动员对筛查反应积极，并会向他人推荐（范围88%-100%，五项研究）。心理困扰增加主要见于检测出病理性心脏状况和筛查结果为真阳性的运动员。相比之下，筛查结果为假阳性的运动员在参与运动时仍报告安全感增加，并对PPS感到满意。所有研究的一个普遍结论是，无论使用何种筛查方式或结果准确性如何，大多数运动员在PPS前、中及/或后均未经历心理困扰。
运动员中与PPS相关的心理困扰很少见，且仅限于筛查结果为真阳性的运动员。为减轻经历心理困扰的运动员的下游后果，应在筛查程序前提供适当的干预措施和资源。
PROSPERO注册号：CRD42021272887。
