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探究中国青少年行为健康风险因素、异常饮食态度与社会人口学因素之间的关联:2020年对湖南7984名职业高中学生的调查

Exploring the associations between behavioral health risk factors, abnormal eating attitudes and socio-demographic factors among Chinese youth: Survey of 7,984 vocational high school students in Hunan in 2020.

作者信息

Liu Jieyu, Teng Ziwei, Chen Zirong, Wei Zirou, Zou Tianxiang, Qin Yue, Yuan Hui, Liu Minghui, Chen Jindong, Tang Hui, Xiang Hui, Wu Haishan, Wu Renrong, Huang Jing

机构信息

Department of Psychiatry, National Clinical Research Center for Mental Disorders, China National Technology Institute on Mental Disorders, The Second Xiangya Hospital of Central South University, Changsha, China.

Department of Ultrasound Diagnosis, The Second Xiangya Hospital of Central South University, Changsha, China.

出版信息

Front Psychiatry. 2022 Nov 7;13:1000821. doi: 10.3389/fpsyt.2022.1000821. eCollection 2022.

Abstract

BACKGROUND

This study investigated the associations between behavioral health risk factors (anxiety, depression, stress, insomnia, drinking, smoking) and abnormal eating attitudes among Chinese vocational high school students (CVHSS). Potential moderating relationships were also explored with relevant socio-demographic factors of the student's age, sex, rural or urban community, household income, family type and educational level of the father and mother.

METHODS

A total of 7,984 students from three vocational high schools in Hunan, China completed a questionnaire about their socio-demographic characteristics, alcohol use, smoking, and symptoms of depression, anxiety, stress (21-item version of the Depression Anxiety Stress Scale), insomnia (8-item Athens Insomnia Scale), and abnormal eating attitudes (19-item Chinese version of Eating Attitudes Test).

RESULTS

The prevalence rates for behavioral health problems among these students ranged widely depending on the risk factor: 42.5% insomnia, 41.3% anxiety, 26.2% depression, 14.4% stress, 13.7% drinking, and 8.3% smoking. Additionally, 61.7% of students were at-risk for at least one of these six behavioral health disorders. Abnormal eating attitudes were associated with depression ( = 0.422), anxiety ( = 0.490), stress ( = 0.490), and insomnia ( = 0.375), with all of these relationships being significant ( < 0.01) and large size statistical effects. However, other analyzes found that none of the socio-demographic background factors had meaningful associations with the behavioral health risk factors (0 of 28 tests) and very few background factors were associated with the abnormal eating attitude measures (only 3 of 35 tests). Females had higher levels than males on dieting and bulimia but not on the other two eating attitude components.

CONCLUSIONS

This study determined that behavioral health risk factors (sleep problems and anxiety in particular) were common among high school students in China and that mental health and sleep disorder risks also tended to co-occur in some students with abnormal eating attitudes. Therefore, prevention and early identification programs for behavioral risk factors are needed for this population. It is important to pay more attention to students with abnormal eating attitude-related symptoms, who may have also underlying mental health problems and need further evaluation.

摘要

背景

本研究调查了中国职业高中学生(CVHSS)的行为健康风险因素(焦虑、抑郁、压力、失眠、饮酒、吸烟)与异常饮食态度之间的关联。还探讨了学生年龄、性别、农村或城市社区、家庭收入、家庭类型以及父母教育水平等相关社会人口学因素的潜在调节关系。

方法

来自中国湖南三所职业高中的7984名学生完成了一份关于他们社会人口学特征、饮酒、吸烟以及抑郁、焦虑、压力症状(21项版抑郁焦虑压力量表)、失眠(8项雅典失眠量表)和异常饮食态度(19项中文版饮食态度测试)的问卷。

结果

这些学生中行为健康问题的患病率因风险因素而异:失眠为42.5%,焦虑为41.3%,抑郁为26.2%,压力为14.4%,饮酒为13.7%,吸烟为8.3%。此外,61.7%的学生至少有这六种行为健康障碍中的一种风险。异常饮食态度与抑郁(=0.422)、焦虑(=0.490)、压力(=0.490)和失眠(=0.375)相关,所有这些关系均具有显著性(<0.01)且统计效应较大。然而,其他分析发现,没有一个社会人口学背景因素与行为健康风险因素有有意义的关联(28项测试中有0项),并且只有极少数背景因素与异常饮食态度测量相关(35项测试中只有3项)。女性在节食和暴食方面的水平高于男性,但在其他两个饮食态度成分上并非如此。

结论

本研究确定行为健康风险因素(尤其是睡眠问题和焦虑)在中国高中生中很常见,并且在一些有异常饮食态度的学生中,心理健康和睡眠障碍风险也往往同时出现。因此,需要针对这一人群开展行为风险因素的预防和早期识别项目。重要的是要更加关注有与异常饮食态度相关症状的学生,他们可能也存在潜在的心理健康问题,需要进一步评估。

https://cdn.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/blobs/cb65/9676643/504e95f810ae/fpsyt-13-1000821-g0001.jpg

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