Basile Maria Sofia, Mazzon Emanuela
IRCCS Centro Neurolesi "Bonino-Pulejo", Via Provinciale Palermo, Contrada Casazza, 98124 Messina, Italy.
Biomedicines. 2022 Nov 20;10(11):2986. doi: 10.3390/biomedicines10112986.
Parkinson's disease (PD) is the second most frequent neurodegenerative disease and currently represents a clear unmet medical need. Therefore, novel preventive and therapeutic strategies are needed. Cannabinoid type 2 (CB2) receptors, one of the components of the endocannabinoid system, can regulate neuroinflammation in PD. Here, we review the current preclinical and clinical studies investigating the CB2 receptors in PD with the aim to clarify if these receptors could have a role in PD. Preclinical data show that CB2 receptors could have a neuroprotective action in PD and that the therapeutic targeting of CB2 receptors could be promising. Indeed, it has been shown that different CB2 receptor-selective agonists exert protective effects in different PD models. Moreover, the alterations in the expression of CB2 receptors observed in brain tissues from PD animal models and PD patients suggest the potential value of CB2 receptors as possible novel biomarkers for PD. However, to date, there is no direct evidence of the role of CB2 receptors in PD. Further studies are strongly needed in order to fully clarify the role of CB2 receptors in PD and thus pave the way to novel possible diagnostic and therapeutic opportunities for PD.
帕金森病（PD）是第二常见的神经退行性疾病，目前显然存在尚未满足的医疗需求。因此，需要新的预防和治疗策略。大麻素2型（CB2）受体是内源性大麻素系统的组成部分之一，可调节帕金森病中的神经炎症。在此，我们综述了目前研究帕金森病中CB2受体的临床前和临床研究，旨在阐明这些受体是否在帕金森病中发挥作用。临床前数据表明，CB2受体可能在帕金森病中具有神经保护作用，并且对CB2受体的治疗靶向可能很有前景。事实上，已经表明不同的CB2受体选择性激动剂在不同的帕金森病模型中发挥保护作用。此外，在帕金森病动物模型和帕金森病患者的脑组织中观察到的CB2受体表达变化表明，CB2受体作为帕金森病可能的新型生物标志物具有潜在价值。然而，迄今为止，尚无直接证据表明CB2受体在帕金森病中的作用。迫切需要进一步研究，以充分阐明CB2受体在帕金森病中的作用，从而为帕金森病开辟新的可能的诊断和治疗机会。
