Urmeneta-Ortíz María Fernanda, Tejeda-Martínez Aldo Rafael, González-Reynoso Orfil, Flores-Soto Mario Eduardo
Chemical Engineering Department, University Center for Exact and Engineering Sciences University of Guadalajara, Blvd. M. García Barragán # 1451, Guadalajara C.P. 44430, Jalisco, Mexico.
Cellular and Molecular Neurobiology Laboratory Neurosciences Division Western Biomedical Research Center (CIBO) Mexican Social Security Institute, Sierra Mojada #800, Independencia Oriente, Guadalajara 44340, Jalisco, Mexico.
Parkinsons Dis. 2024 Jul 25;2024:5519396. doi: 10.1155/2024/5519396. eCollection 2024.
Parkinson's disease (PD) is a neurodegenerative disorder characterized by alterations in motor capacity resulting from a decrease in the neurotransmitter dopamine due to the selective death of dopaminergic neurons of the nigrostriatal pathway. Unfortunately, conventional pharmacological treatments fail to halt disease progression; therefore, new therapeutic strategies are needed, and currently, some are being investigated. The endocannabinoid system (ECS), highly expressed in the basal ganglia (BG) circuit, undergoes alterations in response to dopaminergic depletion, potentially contributing to motor symptoms and the etiopathogenesis of PD. Substantial evidence supports the neuroprotective role of the ECS through various mechanisms, including anti-inflammatory, antioxidative, and antiapoptotic effects. Therefore, the ECS emerges as a promising target for PD treatment. This review provides a comprehensive summary of current clinical and preclinical evidence concerning ECS alterations in PD, along with potential pharmacological targets that may exert the protection of dopaminergic neurons.
帕金森病（PD）是一种神经退行性疾病，其特征是由于黑质纹状体通路多巴胺能神经元选择性死亡导致神经递质多巴胺减少，从而引起运动能力改变。不幸的是，传统药物治疗无法阻止疾病进展；因此，需要新的治疗策略，目前一些策略正在研究中。内源性大麻素系统（ECS）在基底神经节（BG）回路中高度表达，会因多巴胺能耗竭而发生改变，这可能导致运动症状和PD的发病机制。大量证据支持ECS通过多种机制发挥神经保护作用，包括抗炎、抗氧化和抗凋亡作用。因此，ECS成为PD治疗的一个有前景的靶点。本综述全面总结了目前关于PD中ECS改变的临床和临床前证据，以及可能对多巴胺能神经元起到保护作用的潜在药理学靶点。
