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整体维度和可分维度刺激分类行为的比较研究。

A comparative investigation of integral- and separable-dimension stimulus-sorting behavior.

机构信息

Department of Psychology, Marietta College, 406 Mills Hall, Marietta, OH, 45750, USA.

Consortium for the Advancement of Cognitive Science, Ohio University, Athens, OH, USA.

出版信息

Psychol Res. 2023 Sep;87(6):1917-1943. doi: 10.1007/s00426-022-01753-0. Epub 2022 Nov 25.

Abstract

Studies focusing on unsupervised categorization and sorting behavior have traditionally identified and empirically isolated a few select strategies frequently employed by observers, one-dimensional (SD), family resemblance (FR), and exclusive-or (XOR). To date, these investigations have mostly involved creating sets of multidimensional stimuli that directly contrast utilization of these strategies coupled with task or stimulus property manipulations to see their effects on categorization and sorting behavior. Currently, we extend on this methodological approach by having observers sort integral-dimension stimuli for two recently developed constrained unsupervised categorization tasks employing three-dimensional Boolean category structures. These structures instantiate six different sorting strategies, including the aforementioned SD, FR, and XOR strategies. Additionally, we connect the prevalence of the strategies observed across both tasks to previous investigations employing separable stimuli with the same tasks and underlying Boolean category structures. In comparison, our results indicate significant reductions in rule-like sorting behavior (SD or XOR) across multiple structures with the integral stimuli. Associated with this decrease in SD and XOR behavior was a corresponding increase in FR and FR-related sorting behavior. Finally, we assess how well generalized representational information theory and the simplicity model can account for the pattern of results across both experimental paradigms and stimulus sets. In general, a formal model derived from "GRIT" outperforms the simplicity model, accounting for nearly the entire range of unsupervised sorting behavior (SD, FR, XOR) observed across the separable and integral tasks.

摘要

传统上,专注于无监督分类和排序行为的研究已经确定并实证分离了观察者经常使用的几种选择策略,包括单维(SD)、家族相似性(FR)和异或(XOR)。迄今为止,这些研究大多涉及创建多维刺激集,这些刺激集直接对比了这些策略的使用,以及任务或刺激属性的操作,以观察它们对分类和排序行为的影响。目前,我们通过观察者对两种新开发的受约束无监督分类任务的积分维度刺激进行排序,从而扩展了这种方法。这些结构实例化了六种不同的排序策略,包括上述的 SD、FR 和 XOR 策略。此外,我们将在这两个任务中观察到的策略的普遍性与使用相同任务和底层布尔类别结构的可分离刺激的先前调查联系起来。相比之下,我们的结果表明,在具有积分刺激的多个结构中,规则样排序行为(SD 或 XOR)显著减少。与 SD 和 XOR 行为的减少相对应的是 FR 和 FR 相关排序行为的增加。最后,我们评估广义表示信息理论和简单性模型如何解释跨两个实验范式和刺激集的结果模式。总的来说,从“GRIT”导出的正式模型的性能优于简单性模型,几乎可以解释在可分离和积分任务中观察到的所有无监督排序行为(SD、FR、XOR)。

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