de Oliveira Castro Jaqueline, Yanagi Junior Tadayuki, Bahuti Marcelo, Fassani Édison José, Ribeiro de Lima Renato
Engineering School, Engineering Department, Federal University of Lavras, Lavras, Minas Gerais, Brazil.
Engineering School, Department of Agricultural Engineering, Federal University of Lavras, Lavras, Minas Gerais, Brazil.
Int J Biometeorol. 2023 Feb;67(2):265-274. doi: 10.1007/s00484-022-02403-1. Epub 2022 Nov 28.
Knowledge of the effects of thermal stress on Japanese quails helps support decision-making regarding the management of climate control systems. Thus, the objective of this study was to evaluate the performance and egg quality of Japanese quails subjected to different air temperatures (t) and to propose thresholds for the temperature-humidity index (THI), the Black globe humidity index (BGHI), and enthalpy (H). Two experiments (21 days each) were conducted in four climate-controlled wind tunnels. In the first experiment, t was 20, 22, 24, and 26 °C, and in the second, t was 20, 28, 30, and 32 °C. The relative humidity (RH) and air velocity were 60% and 0.3 ms, respectively. To define the comfort thresholds, the productive performance of the birds, water intake, and egg quality were evaluated. No differences were observed (p > 0.05) for the performance-related variables, except for feed intake, which decreased (p < 0.05) as t increased, and water intake, which increased (p < 0.5) by 15.9% starting at 28 °C. For experiments 1 and 2, with t at 20 °C (t = 20.8 and 21.3 °C, respectively), there was evidence of cold stress. The shell thickness, Haugh unit, and internal quality unit were negatively influenced (p < 0.05) by t starting at 28 °C. Japanese quails were able, within certain limits, to adapt to continuous thermal stress. The Japanese quails thermal comfort intervals recommended for THI, BGHI, and H are 68.4 to 76.2, 69.1 to 77.2, and 50.5 to 67.2 kJ kg, respectively.
了解热应激对日本鹌鹑的影响有助于为气候控制系统的管理决策提供支持。因此，本研究的目的是评估不同气温（t）下日本鹌鹑的生产性能和蛋品质，并提出温度 - 湿度指数（THI）、黑球湿度指数（BGHI）和焓（H）的阈值。在四个气候控制风洞中进行了两个实验（每个实验21天）。在第一个实验中，t为20、22、24和26°C，在第二个实验中，t为20、28、30和32°C。相对湿度（RH）和风速分别为60%和0.3 m/s。为了确定舒适阈值，对鸟类的生产性能、饮水量和蛋品质进行了评估。除采食量外，与性能相关的变量未观察到差异（p>0.05），采食量随t升高而降低（p<0.05），饮水量从28°C开始增加（p<0.5），增加了15.9%。对于实验1和2，当t为20°C时（分别为t = 20.8和21.3°C），有冷应激的迹象。从28°C开始，蛋壳厚度、哈夫单位和内部品质单位受到t的负面影响（p<0.05）。日本鹌鹑在一定限度内能够适应持续的热应激。建议的日本鹌鹑THI、BGHI和H的热舒适区间分别为68.4至76.2、69.1至77.2和50.5至67.2 kJ/kg。
