State Key Laboratory of Chemical Oncogenomics, Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Chemical Genomics, Peking University Shenzhen Graduate School, Shenzhen, Guangdong, 518055, China.
Lunan Pharmaceutical Group Co., Ltd, Feixian County, Shandong, 273400, China.
Theranostics. 2022 Nov 14;12(18):7788-7803. doi: 10.7150/thno.75037. eCollection 2022.
T-cell-redirecting bispecific antibodies (bsAbs) and trispecific antibodies (tsAbs) designed to recognize different epitopes or antigens have emerged as promising cancer therapies. Current approaches are all designed to include another antibody specific to the site of the primary antibody, and the molecular structures are generally established. However, the dimensions of target molecule and epitope location play a key role in the efficiency of the immunological synapse (IS) formation and subsequent T-cell-redirecting activities, therefore the connection flexibility of these antibodies determines the geometries of different formats of these molecules and will have a major impact on the efficacy. We describe a novel recombination strategy using various linker designs to site-specifically fuse anti-Her2 (2Rs15) or anti-VEGFR2 (3VGR19) nanobodies to different positions of the anti-CD3 antibody fragment (Fab, SP34). Based on the comparison among the various antigen-specific bsAbs, we could determine the desired fusion site of each nanobody to SP34, and further ensure the optimal structure of tsAbs with synergistic dual-antigen enhanced T-cell-redirecting activities. This approach allows precise control of the formation of IS between Her2- and/or VEGFR2-expressing cancer cells and T cells, to obtain the optimal structure of the Her2/VEGFR2/CD3 tsAb without the need to map antibody-binding epitopes. Optimization of Her2/VEGFR2/CD3 tsAb results in enhanced T-cell-redirecting and antitumor efficacy compared with the corresponding bsAbs alone or in combination, and the potency to overcome tumor relapse due to antigen escape or resistance to Herceptin and Cyramza therapy. The novel design strategy for developing tsAbs using a site-specific recombination approach represents a promising platform for immuno-oncology and in applications other than cancer therapy.
T 细胞导向双特异性抗体(bsAbs)和三特异性抗体(tsAbs)旨在识别不同表位或抗原,已成为有前途的癌症治疗方法。目前的方法都是设计包含另一种针对主要抗体部位的抗体,分子结构通常是既定的。然而,靶分子的尺寸和表位位置在免疫突触(IS)形成和随后的 T 细胞重定向活性的效率中起着关键作用,因此这些抗体的连接灵活性决定了这些分子不同形式的几何形状,并将对疗效产生重大影响。我们描述了一种新的重组策略,使用各种接头设计将抗 Her2(2Rs15)或抗 VEGFR2(3VGR19)纳米抗体特异性融合到抗 CD3 抗体片段(Fab,SP34)的不同位置。通过对各种抗原特异性 bsAbs 的比较,我们可以确定每个纳米抗体到 SP34 的期望融合位点,并进一步确保具有协同双抗原增强 T 细胞重定向活性的 tsAbs 的最佳结构。这种方法可以精确控制 Her2-和/或 VEGFR2 表达的癌细胞与 T 细胞之间 IS 的形成,获得具有最佳结构的 Her2/VEGFR2/CD3 tsAb,而无需绘制抗体结合表位。与相应的 bsAbs 单独或联合使用相比,优化 Her2/VEGFR2/CD3 tsAb 可增强 T 细胞重定向和抗肿瘤疗效,并提高克服因抗原逃逸或对 Herceptin 和 Cyramza 治疗产生耐药性而导致的肿瘤复发的效力。使用特异性重组方法开发 tsAbs 的新设计策略代表了免疫肿瘤学和癌症治疗以外的应用的有前途的平台。
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