Nephrology Department, Hospital de Terrassa, Consorci Sanitari de Terrassa (CST), Barcelona, Spain.
Nursing Department, Facultat de Medicina i Ciències de la Salut, Universitat de Barcelona, Barcelona, Spain.
Worldviews Evid Based Nurs. 2023 Feb;20(1):79-88. doi: 10.1111/wvn.12613. Epub 2022 Dec 1.
Exercise programs in patients with kidney disease improve functional capacity and health-related quality of life, but the implementation of exercise programs in nephrology services is not an easy task.
To evaluate the effectiveness of a home-based exercise program in patients with chronic kidney disease (CKD) stages 4-5 (with or without dialysis).
A 12-week prospective observational cohort design study was carried out with patients with renal failure who undertook a home-based exercise program. Registered data included: (a) biochemical parameters; (b) functional capacity tests, that is, short physical performance battery, sit to stand to sit 10, and 6-min walking test; (c) handgrip strength; (d) health-related quality of life; (e) satisfaction; and (f) adherence. The quantitative variables were expressed by means and standard deviation, and qualitative variables, by percentage. The comparison of quantitative data between baseline and at 12 weeks of the same group was carried out using the Wilcoxon test for nonparametric-related variables and the chi-square test for categorical variables using contingency tables.
Fifty-three patients were included (mean age = 67.4 years). The functional capacity tests showed a significant improvement in the short physical performance battery (8.3 ± 2.8 vs. 9.5 ± 2.6 points), the sit to stand to sit 10 (35.8 ± 17.7 vs. 31.8 ± 15.3 s), and the 6-min walking test (355.0 ± 106.1 vs. 386.4 ± 113.6 meters), mainly in CKD stage 5. There were no significant differences in handgrip and health-related quality of life. Regarding the degree of program satisfaction, 70% of the patients were very satisfied with being able to participate in the program, and 64% considered that they had more strength after completing the home-based exercise program.
The implementation of a home-based exercise program results in improved functional capacity in patients with CKD stage 5. Moreover, this exercise program is safe, and patients were satisfied.
运动方案可改善肾脏病患者的功能能力和健康相关生活质量，但在肾脏病服务中实施运动方案并非易事。
评估一种针对慢性肾脏病（CKD）4-5 期（有或无透析）患者的居家运动方案的效果。
进行了一项为期 12 周的前瞻性观察队列设计研究，纳入接受居家运动方案的肾衰竭患者。登记的数据包括：（a）生化参数；（b）功能能力测试，即短体适能测试、坐-站-坐 10 次测试和 6 分钟步行测试；（c）握力；（d）健康相关生活质量；（e）满意度；以及（f）依从性。采用均数和标准差表示定量变量，采用百分比表示定性变量。采用非参数相关变量的 Wilcoxon 检验和分类变量的卡方检验比较同一组患者基线时和 12 周时的定量数据。
纳入 53 例患者（平均年龄 67.4 岁）。短体适能测试显示，坐-站-坐 10 次测试（35.8 ± 17.7 秒比 31.8 ± 15.3 秒）、6 分钟步行测试（355.0 ± 106.1 米比 386.4 ± 113.6 米）和短体适能测试（8.3 ± 2.8 分比 9.5 ± 2.6 分）的功能能力显著改善，主要见于 CKD 5 期患者。握力和健康相关生活质量无显著差异。在方案满意度方面，70%的患者对能够参加方案非常满意，64%的患者认为完成居家运动方案后更有力量。
居家运动方案可改善 CKD 5 期患者的功能能力，且安全有效，患者满意度高。
