Department of Psychiatry, Psychotherapy and Psychosomatics, Psychiatric Hospital, University of Zurich, Zurich, Switzerland.
Department of Orthopaedics, Sports Medical Research Group, Balgrist University Hospital, University of Zurich, Zurich, Switzerland.
PLoS One. 2022 Dec 1;17(12):e0278203. doi: 10.1371/journal.pone.0278203. eCollection 2022.
The COVID-19 pandemic and associated restrictions have led to abrupt changes in the lives of elite athletes.
The objective of this prospective cohort study was to examine training load, subjective sports performance, physical and mental health among Swiss elite athletes during a 6-month follow-up period starting with the first Swiss lockdown.
Swiss elite athletes (n = 203) participated in a repeated online survey evaluating health, training, and performance related metrics. After the first assessment during the first lockdown between April and May 2020, there were monthly follow-ups over 6 months.
Out of 203 athletes completing the first survey during the first lockdown, 73 athletes (36%) completed all assessments during the entire 6-month follow-up period. Sports performance and training load decreased during the first lockdown and increased again at the beginning of the second lockdown in October 2020, while symptoms of depression and financial fears showed only a transient increase during the first lockdown. Self-reported injuries and illnesses did not change significantly at any timepoint in the study. Stricter COVID-19 restrictions, as measured by the Government Stringency Index (GSI), were associated with reduced subjective sports performance, as well as lower training intensity, increased financial fears, poorer coping with restrictions, and more depressive symptoms, as measured by the 9-item module of the Patient Health Questionnaire-9 (PHQ-9).
This study revealed a negative impact of the COVID-19 restrictions on sports performance, training load and mental health among Swiss elite athletes, while the rate of self-reported injuries and illnesses remained unaffected.
COVID-19 大流行及相关限制措施导致精英运动员的生活发生了突然变化。
本前瞻性队列研究的目的是在从瑞士首次封锁开始的 6 个月随访期间，检查瑞士精英运动员的训练负荷、主观运动表现、身心健康。
203 名瑞士精英运动员参与了一项重复的在线调查，评估健康、训练和表现相关指标。在 2020 年 4 月至 5 月首次封锁期间进行首次评估后，每月进行 6 个月的随访。
在首次封锁期间完成首次调查的 203 名运动员中，有 73 名（36%）完成了整个 6 个月随访期间的所有评估。运动表现和训练负荷在首次封锁期间下降，在 2020 年 10 月第二次封锁开始时再次增加，而抑郁症状和财务担忧仅在首次封锁期间短暂增加。在研究的任何时间点，自我报告的损伤和疾病均无明显变化。政府严格指数（GSI）衡量的更严格的 COVID-19 限制措施与主观运动表现下降、训练强度降低、财务担忧增加、限制应对能力下降和抑郁症状增加（用 PHQ-9 的 9 项模块衡量）相关。
本研究表明，COVID-19 限制措施对瑞士精英运动员的运动表现、训练负荷和心理健康产生了负面影响，而自我报告的损伤和疾病发生率没有受到影响。
Zotero 插件
