Gourlan Mathieu, Ricupero Sarah, Carayol Marion, Cousson-Gélie Florence
Epidaure-Prevention Department of the Montpellier Cancer Institute, France; Univ. Paul Valéry Montpellier 3 -EPSYLON EA 4556, F34000, Montpellier, France.
Epidaure-Prevention Department of the Montpellier Cancer Institute, France; Univ. Paul Valéry Montpellier 3 -EPSYLON EA 4556, F34000, Montpellier, France.
Soc Sci Med. 2023 Jan;317:115571. doi: 10.1016/j.socscimed.2022.115571. Epub 2022 Nov 22.
Binge drinking is a widespread practice among adolescents worldwide and is associated with various harmful consequences. Theory-based interventions are a promising approach to prevent this drinking behaviour in this population. The aim of the present review was to determine: (1) the characteristics of theory-based interventions targeting binge drinking in adolescents, (2) the impact of such interventions on binge drinking, and (3) the quality of theoretical implementation.
For this systematic review, randomised controlled trials were eligible for inclusion if the binge drinking-targeting intervention was based at least on one theoretical framework, and if the population's mean age was between 10 and 18 years. Two authors extracted relevant data. A meta-analysis was conducted to evaluate the effect of interventions on binge drinking. Effect sizes were calculated with the Hedges's g. Binge drinking was measured as a continuous or dichotomous outcome. The quality of theoretical implementation of interventions was measured using an existing "theory coding scheme".
Sixteen studies were identified. Ten were based on a single theory, and six on a combination of theories. The number and type of behaviour change techniques used in each intervention varied greatly. Theory-based interventions led to a small but significant decrease in binge drinking (Hedges's g = 0.10; 95% confidence interval = 0.04, 0.16). The quality of theoretical implementation was globally low, and the reciprocal link between behaviour change techniques and theoretical constructs was unclear for most studies.
Theory-based interventions have a small but significant beneficial impact on decreasing binge drinking in adolescents. Future research should try to be more effective in matching theoretical determinants of behaviour with the content of the intervention.
在全球范围内，青少年酗酒现象普遍，且会引发各种有害后果。基于理论的干预措施是预防该人群饮酒行为的一种有前景的方法。本综述的目的是确定：（1）针对青少年酗酒的基于理论的干预措施的特点；（2）此类干预措施对酗酒行为的影响；（3）理论实施的质量。
对于本系统综述，若针对酗酒的干预措施至少基于一个理论框架，且人群平均年龄在10至18岁之间，则随机对照试验符合纳入标准。两名作者提取相关数据。进行荟萃分析以评估干预措施对酗酒行为的效果。效应量用Hedges's g计算。酗酒行为作为连续或二分结局进行测量。干预措施的理论实施质量使用现有的“理论编码方案”进行测量。
共纳入16项研究。10项基于单一理论，6项基于理论组合。每项干预措施中使用的行为改变技术的数量和类型差异很大。基于理论的干预措施使酗酒行为有小幅但显著的减少（Hedges's g = 0.10；95%置信区间 = 0.04，0.16）。理论实施的质量总体较低，且大多数研究中行为改变技术与理论结构之间的相互联系不明确。
基于理论的干预措施对减少青少年酗酒行为有小幅但显著的有益影响。未来的研究应尝试更有效地将行为的理论决定因素与干预内容相匹配。
