Key Laboratory for Humid Subtropical Eco-Geographical Processes of the Ministry of Education, Fujian Normal University, Fuzhou, China.
School of Geographical Sciences, Fujian Normal University, Fuzhou, China.
Glob Chang Biol. 2023 Mar;29(6):1618-1627. doi: 10.1111/gcb.16546. Epub 2022 Dec 8.
The response of soil biotas to climate change has the potential to regulate multiple ecosystem functions. However, it is still challenging to accurately predict how multiple climate change factors will affect multiple ecosystem functions. Here, we assessed the short-term responses of agroecosystem multifunctionality to a factorial combination of elevated CO (+200 ppm) and O (+40 ppb) and identified the key soil biotas (i.e., bacteria, fungi, protists, and nematodes) concerning the changes in the multiple ecosystem functions for two rice varieties (Japonica, Nanjing 5055 vs. Wuyujing 3). We provided strong evidence that combined treatment rather than individual treatments of short-term elevated CO and O significantly increased the agroecosystem multifunctionality index by 32.3% in the Wuyujing 3 variety, but not in the Nanjing 5055 variety. Soil biotas exhibited an important role in regulating multifunctionality under short-term elevated CO and O , with soil nematode abundances better explaining the changes in ecosystem multifunctionality than soil biota diversity. Furthermore, the higher trophic groups of nematodes, omnivores-predators served as the principal predictor of agroecosystem multifunctionality. These results provide unprecedented new evidence that short-term elevated CO and O can potentially affect agroecosystem multifunctionality through soil nematode abundances, especially omnivores-predators. Our study demonstrates that high trophic groups were specifically beneficial for regulating multiple ecosystem functions and highlights the importance of soil nematode communities for the maintenance of agroecosystem functions and health under climate change in the future.
土壤生物区系对气候变化的响应有可能调节多种生态系统功能。然而，准确预测多种气候变化因素将如何影响多种生态系统功能仍然具有挑战性。在这里，我们评估了升高的 CO（+200ppm）和 O（+40ppb）的单因子组合对农业生态系统多功能性的短期响应，并确定了与两种水稻品种（粳稻南京 5055 与武育粳 3）的多个生态系统功能变化相关的关键土壤生物区系（即细菌、真菌、原生动物和线虫）。我们提供了强有力的证据表明，与短期升高的 CO 和 O 的单一处理相比，联合处理显著增加了武育粳 3 品种的农业生态系统多功能性指数 32.3%，但在南京 5055 品种中则没有。土壤生物区系在短期升高的 CO 和 O 下调节多功能性方面发挥了重要作用，土壤线虫丰度比土壤生物多样性更好地解释了生态系统多功能性的变化。此外，线虫的较高营养级群（杂食性-捕食性）作为农业生态系统多功能性的主要预测因子。这些结果提供了前所未有的新证据，表明短期升高的 CO 和 O 可能通过土壤线虫丰度影响农业生态系统多功能性，特别是杂食性-捕食性。我们的研究表明，高营养级群特别有利于调节多个生态系统功能，并强调了在未来气候变化下土壤线虫群落对于维持农业生态系统功能和健康的重要性。
