Zhang Guoyou, Hu Yaxin, Pan Xiaoya, Cao Rong, Hu Qinan, Fu Rao, Risalat Hamdulla, Shang Bo
Key Laboratory of Agrometeorology of Jiangsu Province, School of Applied Meteorology, Nanjing University of Information Science & Technology, Nanjing 210044, China.
Jiangsu Key Laboratory of Crop Genetics and Physiology, Agricultural College of Yangzhou University, Yangzhou 225009, China.
iScience. 2023 Mar 23;26(4):106471. doi: 10.1016/j.isci.2023.106471. eCollection 2023 Apr 21.
Ground-level ozone threatens rice production, which provides staple food for more than half of the world's population. Improving the adaptability of rice crops to ozone pollution is essential to ending global hunger. Rice panicles not only affect grain yield and grain quality but also the adaptability of plants to environmental changes, but the effects of ozone on rice panicles are not well understood. Through an open top chamber experiment, we investigated the effects of long-term and short-term ozone on the traits of rice panicles, finding that both long-term and short-term ozone significantly reduced the number of panicle branches and spikelets in rice, and especially the fertility of spikelets in hybrid cultivar. The reduction in spikelet quantity and fertility because of ozone exposure is caused by changes in secondary branches and attached spikelet. These results suggest the potential for effective adaptation to ozone by altering breeding targets and developing growth stage-specific agricultural techniques.
近地面臭氧威胁着水稻生产，而水稻是世界上一半以上人口的主食。提高水稻作物对臭氧污染的适应性对于消除全球饥饿至关重要。水稻穗不仅影响谷物产量和品质，还影响植物对环境变化的适应性，但臭氧对水稻穗的影响尚不清楚。通过开顶式气室实验，我们研究了长期和短期臭氧对水稻穗性状的影响，发现长期和短期臭氧均显著减少了水稻的穗分支数和小穗数，尤其是杂交品种中小穗的育性。臭氧暴露导致小穗数量和育性的减少是由二次枝和附着小穗的变化引起的。这些结果表明，通过改变育种目标和开发特定生长阶段的农业技术，有可能有效适应臭氧。
