Mayo Clinic Vaccine Research Group, Department of Medicine, Mayo Clinic, Rochester, MN; Division of General Internal Medicine, Department of Medicine, Mayo Clinic, Rochester, MN.
Division of Hospital Internal Medicine, Department of Medicine, Mayo Clinic, Rochester, MN.
Mayo Clin Proc. 2022 Dec;97(12):2324-2332. doi: 10.1016/j.mayocp.2022.10.022. Epub 2022 Nov 1.
Severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2, the virus causing coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19), has now killed 1 of every 303 Americans. Whereas 4 vaccines are approved in the United States and masks are widely available, too few are fully immunized and most of the population has stopped wearing protective masks. The ongoing consequences of this include continued excess morbidity and mortality and the generation of immune-evading variants and subvariants, which in toto are injurious and ultimately self-defeating. Herein we briefly update and review COVID-19 vaccines, waning immunity, and new variants.
导致 2019 年冠状病毒病(COVID-19)的严重急性呼吸系统综合征冠状病毒 2 (SARS-CoV-2)现已导致每 303 名美国人中就有 1 人死亡。尽管美国已批准了 4 种疫苗,口罩也广泛供应,但完全接种疫苗的人数仍然太少,大多数人已经不再佩戴防护口罩。由此产生的持续后果包括持续的发病率和死亡率过高,以及免疫逃逸变体和亚变体的产生,这些都会对人体造成伤害,最终也会适得其反。在此,我们简要更新和回顾 COVID-19 疫苗、免疫力下降和新变体。