Coppola Martina, Sgadari Arianna, Marasco Domenico, Danti Corrado, Vitale Giovanni, Smeraglia Francesco, Balato Giovanni, Bernasconi Alessio
Department of Public Health, Trauma and Orthopaedics, University of Naples Federico II, Naples, Italy.
Orthop J Sports Med. 2022 Nov 28;10(11):23259671221136496. doi: 10.1177/23259671221136496. eCollection 2022 Nov.
Plantar fasciopathy is a common orthopaedic condition that affects athletes and limits their performance.
To conduct a scoping review of the literature to summarize the evidence provided so far for the management of plantar fasciopathy in elite athletes and identify potential gaps in the current knowledge.
Scoping review; Level of evidence, 5.
This scoping review followed the 6-stage methodological framework of Arksey and O'Malley and was registered in the Open Science Framework. PubMed, Scopus, and Web of Science were used to identify eligible articles. After charting of data, studies were pooled into 3 categories: epidemiological/diagnostic studies, outcome research focused on plantar fasciitis or partial tears, and studies on the rupture of the plantar fascia. The modified Coleman Methodology Score was used to assess the quality of included articles.
Of 742 initial studies, 10 were selected (109 patients): 8 level 4 articles and 2 level 5 articles. In 4 studies (91 athletes), potential risk factors were discussed but not investigated (ie, preexistent thickening of the fascia, spike shoes, varus hindfoot/knee alignment). In 3 studies (6 athletes) focusing on plantar fasciitis, the nonsurgical treatment led to a satisfactory but poorly documented outcome. In 3 studies (12 athletes), the rupture of the fascia was treated nonoperatively with contrasting results, while surgery was performed only in 2 cases. The mean modified Coleman Methodology Score was 19 (range, 3-42), demonstrating overall poor methodology.
The limited number of studies and their poor quality do not allow to define the gold standard treatment of plantar fasciopathy in elite athletes. Until high-quality studies are provided, clinicians have to rely on the available literature regarding the nonprofessional or nonathletic population to make the best evidence-based decision.
足底筋膜炎是一种常见的骨科疾病，影响运动员并限制其运动表现。
对文献进行范围综述，总结迄今为止关于精英运动员足底筋膜炎管理的证据，并确定当前知识中的潜在差距。
范围综述；证据等级，5级。
本范围综述遵循Arksey和O'Malley的6阶段方法框架，并在开放科学框架中注册。使用PubMed、Scopus和科学网来识别符合条件的文章。在数据图表化之后，研究被汇总为3类：流行病学/诊断研究、关注足底筋膜炎或部分撕裂的结局研究以及足底筋膜撕裂的研究。使用改良的科尔曼方法评分来评估纳入文章的质量。
在742项初始研究中，选择了10项（109例患者）：8篇4级文章和2篇5级文章。在4项研究（91名运动员）中，讨论了潜在风险因素但未进行调查（即筋膜预先增厚、钉鞋、后足/膝内翻对线）。在3项关注足底筋膜炎的研究（6名运动员）中，非手术治疗取得了令人满意但记录不佳的结果。在3项研究（12名运动员）中，筋膜撕裂采用非手术治疗，结果各异，而仅2例进行了手术。改良的科尔曼方法评分的平均值为19（范围为3 - 42），表明总体方法质量较差。
研究数量有限且质量不佳，无法确定精英运动员足底筋膜炎的金标准治疗方法。在提供高质量研究之前，临床医生必须依靠关于非专业或非运动员人群的现有文献来做出最佳的循证决策。
