School of Nursing, DePaul University, Chicago, IL, USA.
J Racial Ethn Health Disparities. 2023 Oct;10(5):2577-2587. doi: 10.1007/s40615-022-01437-w. Epub 2022 Dec 5.
Black Americans have a greater likelihood of serious morbidity or mortality from contracting the coronavirus and represent the lowest percentage of vaccinated individuals by race. This integrative literature review aims to identify the major barriers to Black Americans receiving the COVID-19 vaccine and proposed solutions to improve vaccination rates among this population.
Databases CINAHL and LitCovid from the National Library of Medicine were utilized to find the articles included in this review.
A total of seven articles were identified indicating five barriers preventing Black Americans from being vaccinated against COVID-19 that included (1) mistrust of the medical establishment, (2) uncertainty in vaccine safety, (3) limited access to healthcare, (4) inequitable access to resources, and (5) lower health literacy. The studies also indicated five strategies to increase the desire of Black Americans to be vaccinated including (1) utilizing trusted community leaders, (2) acknowledgment of the history of discrimination and trauma, (3) building more representative clinical trial cohorts, (4) continual investment into community-based organizations, and (5) mobile vaccine clinics.
The medical establishment in the USA has significant work to do to gain the trust of Black Americans. Many of the strategies to increase vaccine uptake among Black Americans have yet to be implemented which limits the conclusions that can be drawn from them. A future study should examine the outcomes of these proposed solutions to see if they do indeed work as intended and increase vaccination rates among this population.
美国黑人感染冠状病毒后出现严重疾病或死亡的可能性更大，而且按种族划分，他们是接种疫苗比例最低的人群。本综述性文献旨在确定美国黑人接种 COVID-19 疫苗的主要障碍，并提出提高该人群疫苗接种率的解决方案。
利用美国国家医学图书馆的 CINAHL 和 LitCovid 数据库查找纳入本综述的文章。
共确定了 7 篇文章，表明有 5 个障碍阻止美国黑人接种 COVID-19 疫苗，包括（1）对医疗机构的不信任，（2）对疫苗安全性的不确定，（3）获得医疗保健的机会有限，（4）资源获取不平等，以及（5）健康素养较低。这些研究还表明了提高美国黑人接种疫苗意愿的 5 项策略，包括（1）利用值得信赖的社区领袖，（2）承认歧视和创伤的历史，（3）建立更具代表性的临床试验队列，（4）持续投资于社区组织，以及（5）移动疫苗接种诊所。
美国医疗体系还有很多工作要做，以赢得美国黑人的信任。许多旨在提高美国黑人疫苗接种率的策略尚未实施，这限制了从这些策略中得出的结论。未来的研究应该检查这些拟议解决方案的结果，以确定它们是否确实按预期发挥作用并提高该人群的疫苗接种率。
